American Journal of Applied Sciences 9 (7): 979-987, 2012
ISSN 1546-9239
© 2012 Science Publications
Corresponding Author: Amine Chouchaine, Department of Electric Engineering, Laboratory of Analysis Conception and Control of Systems,
National School of Engineering of Tunis, Tunisia
979
Thermal Control of a Greenhouse by Variation
in Ventilation Rate using a Fuzzy Parallel Distributed
Compensation Controller with an RST Regulator in Each Rule
Elyes Feki, Amine Chouchaine and Abdelkader Mami
Department of Electric Engineering,
Laboratory of Analysis Conception and Control of Systems,
National School of Engineering of Tunis, Tunisia
Abstract: Problem statement: The greenhouse has uncontrollable inputs that affect its climate, which
arises the difficulty to regulate its inside temperature. The solution can be found using a multi-system
approach like the Takagi-Sugeno System from which a design of a Parallel Distributed Compensation
(PDC) controller is performed. However, a stability problem arises and was negotiatesd in general
based on a Lyapunov criterion. The latter isn’t appropriate in our case because of the great number of
rules describing the greenhouse. Approach: An alternative solution is proposed using a PDC
controller with a local RST regulator in each rule. The synthesis of each one is determined using pole
placement avoiding the cross-coupling (that may cause instability) between the local regulators and the
sub-models related to differents rules. Results: The proposed fuzzy controller was applied to an
experimental greenhouse and was able to lead the inside temperature to the desired value despite the
externals perturbations. Conclusion: The presented study offer a simple solution to the stability
problem when using PDC controller and so can be mush more implementable than the others
stabilization methods presented in the literature. In the agriculture field, it can replace the on-off
control action that is widely used in the greenhouses because of the processus complexity.
Key words: TS fuzzy models, PDC controller, greenhouse, lyapunov function
INTRODUCTION
The efficiency of fuzzy systems when dealing with
complex and nonlinear process is well known in the
literature. In fact, most of the systems in the industry
have complicatedmathematical models that are barely
exploitable and so the control of such process becomes
very difficult. To solve this problem, fuzzy control were
used in the beginning without the need of process
model (Mamdani and Assilian, 1975). It’s structure is
the fusion of control rules described by linguistic terms
defined from the knowledge of the process. Very soon
the fuzzy system where used also to models some
process with successful results (Mamdani, 1977).
Recently another fuzzy system has emerged named as
the Takagi-Sugeno systems (Takagi and Sugeno, 1985).
This latter differ from the former in the rules
consequents: It’s not a fuzzy set but it’s a local model
of the system to be approximated. His popularity in
modeling and control is continually growing. Indeed,
by fitting several local models representing multiples
operating points of a process, TS fuzzy model
adequately describe the system guaranteeing precision
and stability. Moreover, several techniques were used
to approximate the submodels parameters; such as
weighted least-squares method (Chen and Pham, 2001)
or neuro-adaptive learning techniques (Brown and
Harris, 1994). Hence, large possibilities can be obtained
in the control domain. Wang et al. (1995), a controller
structure called Parallel Distributed Compensation
(PDC) is introduced which consists in a linear
controller developed for each local model. The final
control action is obtained using the contribution of all
the controllers outputs. Several proposals were
presented using this means to control nonlinear
processes; (Salaa et al., 2005; Wang et al., 2000;
Seddiki et al., 2006) present a PDC control with state
feedback in each rule. Le and Stability (2006) the same
PDC control is used, with a simulation example, to
control a rehabilitation device.
In general, a stability problem appears when using
PDC controller. In this case, the most used way to deal
with it is applying the Lyapunov criteria with same
positive defined Matrix to all rules (Tanaka and Sugeno,