Citation: Samal, S.K.;
Vishwanatha, H.M.; Saxena, K.K.;
Behera, A.; Nguyen, T.A.; Behera, A.;
Prakash, C.; Dixit, S.; Mohammed, K.A.
3D-Printed Satellite Brackets:
Materials, Manufacturing and
Applications. Crystals 2022, 12, 1148.
https://doi.org/10.3390/
cryst12081148
Academic Editors: Huakang Bian,
Weiwei Zhou and Andrei
Vladimirovich Shevelkov
Received: 25 July 2022
Accepted: 13 August 2022
Published: 15 August 2022
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crystals
Review
3D-Printed Satellite Brackets: Materials, Manufacturing
and Applications
Saswat Kumar Samal
1
, H. M. Vishwanatha
2,
* , Kuldeep K. Saxena
3
, Asit Behera
4
, Tuan Anh Nguyen
5
,
Ajit Behera
1,
* , Chander Prakash
6,7,
* , Saurav Dixit
8,9,
* and Kahtan A. Mohammed
10
1
Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, National Institute of Technology,
Rourkela 769008, India
2
Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Manipal Institute of Technology-Manipal,
Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, India
3
Department of Mechanical Engineering, GLA University, Mathura 281406, India
4
School of Mechanical Engineering, KIIT University, Bhubaneswar 751024, India
5
Institute for Tropical Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam
6
School of Mechanical Engineering, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144001, India
7
Division of Research and Development, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144001, India
8
Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, 195251 Saint Petersburg, Russia
9
Division of Research and Innovation, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun 248007, India
10
Department of Medical Physics, Hilla University College, Babylon 51001, Iraq
* Correspondence: vishwanatha.hm@manipal.edu (H.M.V.); beheraajit@nitrkl.ac.in (A.B.);
chander.mechengg@gmail.com (C.P.); sauravarambol@gmail.com (S.D.)
Abstract: Brackets are the load-bearing components in a satellite. The current age of satellites
comprises specific brackets that set out as a link between the bodies of the satellite, reflector parts, and
feeder facilities mounted at its upper end. Brackets are used to carry loads of the satellite body frame,
supporting elements, batteries, and electronic goods. The article explicates the various brackets
used in satellites and aircrafts. The strength of the bracket is of utmost importance since it is an
important load supporting member in several assemblies of aircraft and satellites. In addition to
the mechanical strength, the weight of the bracket is a major concern as it adds to the total weight
of the aircraft and satellite. Thus, weight savings of brackets can be of paramount importance and
Additive Manufacturing (AM) is found as an overall solution to achieve the same. Hence, in addition
to various brackets used in satellites, the article presents an exhaustive review of the processing of
various advanced functional materials using various AM techniques to make high strength-to-weight
ratio satellite brackets. The use of DFAM by various satellite manufacturers globally for optimizing
the structure of the brackets resulting in a significant weight saving of the brackets is also presented
in the article.
Keywords: additive manufacturing (AM); Selective Laser Melting (SLM); bracket; Ti-based materials;
satellite; DFAM
1. Introduction
Brackets are the important components of space vehicles. Brackets serve the purpose
of carrying loads and supporting the structures. Mounting brackets are found in large
numbers in aerospace vehicles and satellites. Due to their lightweight and thermal con-
ductivity, these are generally used in satellites. Various brackets are used to carry loads of
electronic goods, cameras, batteries, antennas, and various satellite components. One of
the applications of a bracket used on the outer surface of the satellite is shown in Figure 1.
Depending on the application, the shapes of the mounting brackets can be hanging type or
supporting type [1]. On the other hand, a suitable, sturdy bracket or stand is necessary for
the proper functioning of the satellite dish [2]. A sturdy wall bracket prevents the structure
from being damaged. The usage of a suitable bracket has advantages like ease of assembly,
Crystals 2022, 12, 1148. https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst12081148 https://www.mdpi.com/journal/crystals