Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids 137&138 (1991) 255-258
North-Holland
JOURNA L OF
NON.CRYSTALLINE SOLIDS
SPIN-DEPENDENT TRANSPORT AND RECOMBINATION IN a-SI:H
KLAUS LIPS AND WALTHER FUHS
Fachbereich Physik und Wissenschaftliches Zentrum ffir Materialwissenschaften, Philipps-Universitftt Marburg,
Renthof 5, W-3550 Marburg, F.R. Germany
We report on a study of spin--dependent photoconductivity in undoped a-Si:H. Applying the microwave
modulation technique we observe in addition to the two already known e-db and h resonances an unusually broad
quenching signal (g ~ 2.008, AHfwhm = 210 G). We varied the defect density Nd systematically by electron
bombardment and light soaking and found a pronounced dependence of the signal intensity of this line on Nd. This
behavior is consistent with an assignment to the recombination of exchange coupled e-h pairs which are localized in
the band tails. We present first results obtained on pin structures which confirm the current ideas about carrier
collection in these devices.
1. INTRODUCTION
Studies of the spin---dependent photoconductivity
(SDPC) have led to a widely accepted model for the
recombination mechanism in undoped a-Si:H 1. Such
experiments are carried out by recording the change of
the photocurrent when the sample is brought into mi-
crowave resonance. Allowing to identify recombination
channels and the participating states, SDPC is a power-
ful method to study the recombination kinetics. In the
past various groups have used this method 1-6 and con-
firmed that the dominating recombination center is the
Si-dangling bond. Recently an additional signal has
been observed in undoped a-Si:H which is about 200 G
broad 4--6 and reminds of a similar resonance often
observed in ODMR 7'8. In this report we concentrate
on two aspects: the influence of the defect density Nd in
particular on the broad resonance and the application of
the method to pin structures.
2. EXPERIMENTS AND DISCUSSION
Undoped a-Si:H films were prepared by the glow
discharge technique at standard conditions which give
films of high quality. Nd in these films was varied sys-
tematically by prolonged illumination (1.92 eV,
3 W/cm2), by bombardment with electrons of high
energy (2 MeV, 4 K) and successive anneals between
300 K and 470 K. Nd was measured by photocurrent
spectroscopy (CPM). The samples were mounted in the
cavity of an X-band spectrometer (Bruker ESP 300)
and illuminated through the slots in the cavity walls.
The change of the photocurrent was detected by lock-in
technique. Two different modulation methods were
used: (a) magnetic field modulation like in ESR giving
the derivative of the microwave induced changes of Oph
and (b) microwave power modulation which directly
gives the change of ~rph. Method (a) allows a better
evaluation of the g-values whereas (b) enables a better
analysis of very broad resonances.
Fig. 1 shows the SDPC spectra of undoped a-Si:H.
The spectrum which was taken in-phase with the modu-
lation at T = 160 K can be deconvoluted into two
quenching signals Q1 and Q2 (Fig. la). The Qt line
(g = 2.0050, AHpp = 9 G) has been assigned to tunnel-
ing transitions of bandtall electrons into neutral dan-
gling bonds (e--D0). The Q2 resonance (g = 2.01,
AHpp = 20 G) has been attributed to the spin-depen-
dent diffusion of holes in the valence-band tail which
occurs before the final recombination step takes place
by a transition to a doubly occupied dangling bond
(h-D-). These two spin-dependent processes have al-
ready been identified in the early work of Dersch et
al. 1. Undoped a-Si:H exhibits a third unusually broad
quenching signal, Q3, which can be detected when the
magnetic field range is extended and the microwave
0022-3093/91/$03.50 © 1991 - Elsevier Science Publishers B.V. All rights reserved.