Journal of Applied Sciences Research, 6(9): 1466-1473, 2010
© 2010, INSInet Publication
Study of an Ethnobotany at the Village Dohanagar, Naogaon
A.H.M.M. Rahman, E.Z.M.F. Kabir, S.N. Sima, R.S. Sultana, M. Nasiruddin and A.T.M. N. Zaman
Department of Botany, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi-6205, Bangladesh.
Abstract: An ethnobotanical study of the village Dohanagar, under Patnitala Upazilla of Naogaon district
was made. Information gathered through structural questionnaire and interviews shows that in the village,
among 102 house holds 20 belong to the Santhal tribe who mostly use different plant species for their
diseases and ailments. During the survey, 79 plant taxa belonged to 71 genera under 40 families were
mentioned by them having economic importance. 55 plants are used only as medicine and 24 plants are
used both as medicine and other purposes. Different plant parts of different spp. are used as medicine for
treating various diseases; bark of 12, leaf of 72, fruit of 41, root of 25, flower of 1, seed of 3, stem of
3, rhizome of 2, bulb of 3, latex of 3, wood 1 and whole plant of 8 species were used as medicine. It
was observed that the availability of these plants is decreasing at an alarming rate. This observation also
reveals that habitat destruction, over exploitation and unplanned agriculture were the reasons for depletion
of medicinal plants. Therefore, the medicinal plants used as traditional healthcare system need urgent
conservation.
Key words: Ethnobotany, Santhal, Naogaon.
INTRODUCTION
Ethnobotany is the study of the relationship
between plants and people: From “ethno”–study of
people and “botany”-study of plants. Ethnobotany is
considered a branch of ethnobiology. Ethnobotany
studies the complex relationships between (uses of)
plants and cultures. The focus of ethnobotany is on
how plants have been or are used, managed and
perceived in human societies and includes plants used
for food, medicine, divination, cosmetics, dyeing,
textiles, for building, tools, currency, clothing, rituals
and social life
[13]
.
Ethnobotany, in its totality, is virtually and old
field with new dimension of research. And if this field
is investigated thoroughly and systematically, it will
yield results of grate value missing the ethnologists,
archaeologists, anthropologists, plant-geographers,
ethnobotanists, botanists and linguists and ultimately to
pharmacologists and phytochemists
[11]
.
Bangladesh is very rich in ethnocultural heritage
and traditional use of plant materials that may be of
special interest in ethnobotanical informations. About
80 percent people of the country live in the villages
and a considerable proportion is tribals living in remote
forest areas
[1]
.
The village "Dohanagar" under Patnitala Upazilla
of Naogaon was selected as the study area due to its
ethno-catted significance. During ethnobotanical field
studies in the village we came across a large number
of tribal people "Santhal" who are using wild and
semi-wild plants for medicine and other purposes. They
are very experienced in traditional medicine and are
actually prescribing these plants materials to cure
different diseases. The data were collected either from
local medicinemen or ordinary people who
accompanied us in the field
[13]
.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
The present work is mainly based on information
gathered from the interview with the "Santhals" on the
plants having economic importance to them. Relevant
plants were collected from the study area, identified
and preserved at the Herbarium of the Department of
Botany, Rajshahi University.
The Present Investigation Is Divided into Two Parts:
Part-I. Interview with "Santhals", collection, study,
identification and preservation of plants: First step was
interviewing the "Santhals" about the plants they used
in their daily life. These included the plants that have
some economic importance as fruits, vegetables,
furniture, drug, etc. Collections were made throughout
the year and particular care was taken not to miss the
flowering stages or the fruits. In all cases multiple sets
of collections were made. During survey date,
collection number, habitat, local name, part use and
distribution were recorded. Herbarium sheets were
prepared in multiple sets and flowers were preserved in
Corresponding Author: A.H.M.M. Rahman, Department of Botany, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi-6205, Bangladesh.
E-mail:ahmmahbubur_rahman@yahoo.com
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