~ 200 ~
International Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Studies 2020; 8(6): 200-208
E-ISSN: 2347-5129
P-ISSN: 2394-0506
(ICV-Poland) Impact Value: 5.62
(GIF) Impact Factor: 0.549
IJFAS 2020; 8(6): 200-208
© 2020 IJFAS
www.fisheriesjournal.com
Received: 22-08-2020
Accepted: 25-10-2020
Haig Babikian
PT Asclepius Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Indonesia
Yusef Babikyan
PT Central Proteina Prima,
Indonesia
Rajeev Kumar Jha
PT Asclepius Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Indonesia
Soy Daniel Wisoyo
PT Central Proteina Prima,
Indonesia
Yuli Asih
PT Central Proteina Prima,
Indonesia
Sarayut Srisombat
PT Central Proteina Prima,
Indonesia
Corresponding Author:
Haig Babikian
PT Asclepius Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Indonesia
Performance of natural oil blend formulation (NOBF)
against white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) agent in
Penaeus vannamei boone, 1931
Haig Babikian, Yusef Babikyan, Rajeev Kumar Jha, Soy Daniel Wisoyo,
Yuli Asih and Sarayut Srisombat
DOI: https://doi.org/10.22271/fish.2020.v8.i6c.2389
Abstract
The white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) is lethal in penaeid shrimp. Successful efforts made to develop a
natural oil blend formulation (NOBF) by blending Eucalyptus globulus, Pinus sylvestris, and Lavandula
latifolia in different compositions with anti-WSSV properties. A bioassay challenge trial conducted using
1 g of specific pathogen-free Penaeus vannamei Boone, 1931 shrimp in 4 replicates of aquaria for each
group. The NOBF dose of 0.4 ppm applied throughout the trial period by mixing in the aquarium water
daily, starting seven days before the challenge. The efficacy of NOBF against WSSV was measured
using the per os method of a challenge. The cumulative mortality in the positive control group reached
100 % after ten days of the challenge. The NOBF was applied in the commercial shrimp ponds to study
its efficacy and palatability. A study in 8 ponds in a WSSV prone area in Indonesia, demonstrated no
significant difference in crucial water quality parameters, especially on algae as natural food. The NOBF
applied ponds had higher productivity (1.28 Kg of shrimp per m3) as compared to control (1.18 Kg of
shrimp per m3). The FCR of NOBF group was lower (1.41) than control (1.53). The survival rate of the
NOBF group was higher (86.96%) than control (80.36). The trial outcomes show that NOBF is safe and
user-friendly, with properties to reduce pathogen load.
Keywords: White spot syndrome viral disease, natural oil, per os challenge, shrimp pond culture, shrimp
productivity, natural food
Introduction
The white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) is the most lethal pathogen of culture shrimp
worldwide
[1]
. It is an enveloped non-occluded DNA virus of the family Nimaviridae under the
new genus Whispovirus and is also the most devastating shrimp pathogen ever isolated and
studied. This virus is extremely virulent and causes up to 100 % mortality in 3-7 days in all the
cultured species of penaeid shrimp
[2, 3, 4]
.
Some successful efforts made previously using natural herbs against shrimp viruses
[5, 6, 7, 8]
.
The plants, such as Eucalyptus globulus, Pinus sylvestris, and Lavandula latifolia are well
documented for their anti-viral properties. Eucalyptus extract shows strong anti-viral and anti-
bacterial properties
[9, 10, 11]
. Pinus species have potent anti-viral, anti-bacterial, and immune-
modulating properties
[12, 13]
. The Lavandula have shown strong anti-viral
[14]
as well as
immunomodulatory
[15]
effects.
A successful effort made to blend the oils of similar properties to fight against WSSV more
vehemently. The efforts made to test the palatability and its impact on critical water quality
parameters in commercial shrimp ponds.
Materials and Methods
The materials and methods divided into two sections, section 1 as laboratory level trials and
section 2 as field trials.
Section 1: Laboratory trials
NOBF preparation and composition
Eucalyptus globulus, Pinus sylvestris and Lavandula latifolia oils obtained from vendors who
comply with the strictest industry practices: