International Journal of Computer Applications (0975 – 8887) Volume 104 – No.4, October 2014 32 Mathematical Modelling of Joint Routing and Scheduling for an Effective Load Balancing in Cloud Suriya Begum Research Scholar Visvesvaraya Technological University Belgaum, India Prashanth C.S.R, PhD Prof. & Head of Department Computer Science & Engineering New Horizon College of Engineering Bangalore, India ABSTRACT Due to the increasing adoption of the cloud in majority of the business, the level of traffic intensity is increasing leading to a challenging situation for traffic management in cloud. There were various algorithms in past that has discussed about the load balancing techniques concerning the cloud environment, but very few of them are found to be actually effective. The proposed system therefore presents a mathematical model exclusively considering virtual machine for performing load balancing. The system jointly addresses the routing as well as task scheduling and also focuses on the issues pertaining to resource allocation. The model is designed and compared with existing load balancing algorithms, where the simulation results shows better throughput by highlighting minimized waiting time for jobs with faster completion of task. Keywords Cloud Computing, Resource Allocation, Traffic. 1. INTRODUCTION Cloud computing can be illustrated as the deployment of computing resources including hardware and software that are delivered as a service over a large scale network [1]. The name ‘cloud’ has been originated from the use of a cloud- shaped symbol as an abstraction for the complex infrastructure that is contained in a system diagrams. The origination of the term ‘cloud computing’ is incomprehensible, but it seems to be derived from the practice of using schematic drawings of stylized clouds to denote networks in diagrams of computing and communications systems. The word cloud is used as a parable for the large scale network that is based on the standardized use of a cloud- like shape to denote a network on telephony schematics and later to depict the Internet in computer network diagrams as an abstraction of the underlying infrastructure it represents. The cloud symbol was used to represent the Internet as early as 1994 [1]. The fundamental concept of cloud computing basically dates back to the 1950s when there was an availability of large scale mainframe in institutions and corporations. Due to the expensive nature of mainframe, there arise a need to find an alternative solution for permitting the multiple users for accessing and sharing equivalent CPU time thereby truncating the possibility of periods of inactivity (also termed as time-sharing). As computers became more prevalent, scientists and technologists explored ways to make large-scale computing power available to more users through time sharing, experimenting with algorithms to provide the optimal use of the infrastructure, platform and applications with prioritized access to the CPU and efficiency for the end users. The high cost of these powerful computing systems has forced many prime organizations to take an initiative to explore better cost effective solution using time sharing. The prime organization will include IBM, GE, National CSS etc who took the initiative to launch and marketed time sharing. With the rapid growth of internet technology and standards, various products and demands of distributed computing were on high escalation. The presence of pervasive high computing network, cost effective computing devices, storage devices along with large scale use of virtualization of hardware, service oriented architecture has paved the path for high demands in new technology, so called as ‘cloud computing.’ Load balancing [2] is a process of reassigning the total load to the individual nodes of the collective system to make resource utilization effective and to improve the response time of the job, simultaneously removing a condition in which some of the nodes are over loaded while some others are under loaded. A load balancing protocol is dynamic in nature doesn't contemplate the previous state or behavior of the system, that is, it depends on the current behavior of the system. It is common these days in redundant high-availability computer systems that incoming network traffic is distributed on network level by deploying one of the frequently used network load balancing algorithms like:- random-allocation, round-robin allocation, weighted round-robin allocation, etc). These algorithms use solely network parameters of incoming traffic to create selections wherever to forward traffic, with none data from different elements of database system, like current load of application or info servers. Since these days it is extremely common to possess internet servers acting as application servers, it is usual that load balancers use session- switching technique, which suggests that once a user opens website on one server, it will stay on it server whereas the session lasts. Central to many other issues lies the establishment of an effective load balancing algorithm. The load can be CPU load, memory capacity, delay or network load. Load balancing is the process of distributing the load among various nodes of a distributed system to improve both resource utilization and job response time while also avoiding a situation where some of the nodes are heavily loaded while other nodes are idle or doing very little work. Load balancing ensures that all the processor in the system or every node in the network does approximately the equal amount of work at any instant of time. This technique can be sender initiated, receiver initiated or symmetric type (combination of sender initiated and receiver initiated types). The domain of cloud computing is still surfaced by many issues which will be discussed in this paper in later section. The prime focus of the paper will be to analyze the research issues in load balancing protocols or understanding its requirement in cloud platform.