Vol.:(0123456789) 1 3 Virus Genes https://doi.org/10.1007/s11262-018-1603-y Isolation of Pteropine orthoreovirus from Pteropus vampyrus in Garut, Indonesia Hitoshi Takemae 1  · Chaerul Basri 2  · Ni Luh Putu Ika Mayasari 2  · Ronald Tarigan 1,2  · Hiroshi Shimoda 3  · Tsutomu Omatsu 4  · Supratikno 2  · Didik Pramono 2  · Danang Dwi Cahyadi 2  · Ryosuke Kobayashi 1  · Keisuke Iida 1  · Tetsuya Mizutani 4  · Ken Maeda 3  · Srihadi Agungpriyono 2  · Eiichi Hondo 1 Received: 29 June 2018 / Accepted: 14 September 2018 © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2018 Abstract Flying foxes belonging to the genus Pteropus are known to be reservoirs of zoonotic viruses. In this study, we describe the isolation of Pteropine orthoreovirus (PRV) from rectal swab samples of Pteropus vampyrus in Indonesia. PRV is an emerg- ing zoonotic respiratory virus that can be transmitted from bats to humans. Rectal swabs (n = 91) were screened by PCR for PRV and 10 (11%) were positive. Phylogenetic analysis based on nucleotide sequences indicated that the S2, S3, S4, M3, L2, and L3 segments of one isolate (Garut-69) were closely related to previously isolated strains in Indonesia. The remaining gene segments showed both similarity and genetic divergence with other PRV strains, suggesting that re-assortment events had occurred. This is the frst report of PRV infection to P. vampyrus in West Java, Indonesia. Keywords Indonesia · Pteropine orthoreovirus · Pteropus vampyrus · Phylogenetic analysis · PCR Flying foxes belonging to the genus Pteropus live in tropical, subtropical, and temperate regions of Asia, Australia, and islands in the Indian Ocean and western Pacifc Ocean. They are known to be a reservoir of many zoonotic viruses, includ- ing lyssaviruses, Nipah virus, and Hendra virus [1]. They are also considered as reservoirs of Pteropine orthoreovirus (PRV). PRV is a member of the genus Orthoreovirus in the family Reoviridae and is a non-enveloped double-stranded RNA virus containing 10 segments, S1–4, M1–3, and L1–3 [2]. Fourteen strains of PRV have been isolated from fruits bats and humans. Seven strains were reported to be associated with acute respiratory tract illness in humans in Malaysia and Indonesia [3–8]. The other 7 strains were isolated from fruit bats in Australia, China, Malaysia, the Philippines, and Indonesia [9–14]. Imported cases of human disease from Indonesia have been reported. In Hong Kong, three PRV strains were isolated from 3 travelers who had a history of traveling to Indonesia [5, 7]. An imported case in Japan was reported in a patient who returned to Japan from Bali, Indonesia and the Miyazaki-Bali/2007 strain was isolated [8]. The Indonesia/2010 strain was isolated from Pteropus vampyrus imported to Italy from Indonesia [13]. However, there is no detailed information regarding the cap- ture location of the bats. In this study, we isolated viruses derived from fying foxes in Indonesia. Flying foxes were collected from the Leuweung Sancang conservation area, West Java Island, Indonesia in September 2016 and March 2017 with per- mission from the Indonesian Ministry and Forestry, the regional office of environment and forestry in Garut, West Jawa Province. Permission regarding wild animal Edited by William Dundon. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s11262-018-1603-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Eiichi Hondo ehondo@agr.nagoya-u.ac.jp 1 Laboratory of Animal Morphology, Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan 2 Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Bogor Agricultural University (IPB), Bogor 16680, Indonesia 3 Laboratory of Veterinary Microbiology, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi 753-8515, Japan 4 Research and Education Center for Prevention of Global Infectious Diseases of Animals, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan