Research Article
Stabilizers Effects Comprehensive Assessment on the Physical and
Chemical Properties of Soft Clays
Farzad Pourebrahim
1
and Sayyed Yaghoub Zolfegharifar
2
1
Department of Civil Engineering, Islamic Azad University, Najafabad Branch, Najafabad, Iran
2
Department of Civil Engineering, Islamic Azad University, Yasooj Branch, Yasuj, Iran
Correspondence should be addressed to Sayyed Yaghoub Zolfegharifar; sy.zolfegharifar@iau.ac.ir
Received 18 April 2022; Revised 17 May 2022; Accepted 20 May 2022; Published 29 June 2022
Academic Editor: S. Mahdi S. Kolbadi
Copyright © 2022 Farzad Pourebrahim and Sayyed Yaghoub Zolfegharifar. is is an open access article distributed under the
Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided
the original work is properly cited.
Deep soil mixing (DSM) is one of the practical methods of soil improvement in the world, which produces cement columns and
modification by injecting stabilizing materials such as cement or lime using a mechanically hollow shaft drill in the soil. In this
method, the soil characteristics are improved by mixing the soil with cementitious materials by deep mixers and creating cement soil
columns. In addition, by overlapping the columns before full setting, continuous walls can be constructed below the ground. e aim
of this study was to investigate the effect of the additive type on the strength of the samples. For soil samples stabilized with lime, the
maximum value of uniaxial resistance was 247 kPa and for the mixture of 10% lime and 4% sodium silicate was obtained.
1. Introduction
e use of nontoxic additives to the soil and reducing the
volume of effluent (spoil) compared to the jet grouting
method or the traditional method of in situ piles has strongly
introduced the DSM method as an environmentally friendly
option [1, 2]. Implementation and quality control of this
method is performed using valid regulations such as FHWA
or European standard EN14679. Major applications of the
deep mixing method include embankment on soft soils, as a
support under strip and radius foundations, foundations of
bridges and wind turbines, excavation walls using reinforced
cement-cement columns, and slope stability, tackle lubri-
cation seal walls, such as cutoff walls, and ultimately prevents
the spread of contaminants [2, 3]. In offshore and offshore
structures, deep mixing is used to build coastal walls and
breakwaters and anchorages. is method is used for the
foundation of various structures such as tanks, towers,
bridge piers, embankments, basement equipment, retaining
structures, and skyscrapers [1].
e purpose of using this method is to control the ex-
cavations and to control the pressures in order to prevent the
swelling of the foundation and the slipping of the walls
[2, 4, 5] Deep mixing is also used to stop leakage in the form
of sealing walls in dams, seals, and riverbanks. Two distinct
applications of deep mixing are liquefaction reduction and
environmental applications to improve contaminated soil.
Protective coating in soft clay tunneling, cement restraints in
soil stitching, and vibration reduction with wave delay
blocks are modern applications of deep mixing technology.
In a four-part paper presented in the scientific journal
Ground Improvement, the technique of deep mixing has
been commented on as a soil remediation technique in
which the soil is in situ with cohesive (e.g., cement, lime, fly
ash, and the like); chemical or biological substances are
mixed in the form of slurry or powder in order to improve
the engineering and environmental properties of soft or
contaminated soils [1]. Specially designed machines
equipped with several mixing shafts and blades and a sta-
bilizing material that stabilizes the soil columns in place
through a duct with patterns and specifications will be
mentioned later.
e reactions that take place between the soil and the
stabilizer increase the resistance and decrease the perme-
ability and decrease the leaching potential of the soil [2]. In
situ stabilization, soil and groundwater reclamation is
Hindawi
Shock and Vibration
Volume 2022, Article ID 5991132, 9 pages
https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/5991132