Original article Comparison of the chest computed tomography findings between patients with pulmonary tuberculosis and those with Mycobacterium avium complex lung disease Kiyotaka Miura a,b , Megumi Nakamura c , Yasuyuki Taooka d , Takamasa Hotta a , Megumi Hamaguchi a , Tamio Okimoto a , Yukari Tsubata a , Shunichi Hamaguchi a , Takashige Kuraki a,b , Takeshi Isobe a,* a Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology & Respiratory Medicine, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine, Izumo, 693-8501, Japan b Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shimane Prefectural Central Hospital, Izumo, 693-8555, Japan c Department of Radiology, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine, Izumo, 693-8501, Japan d Division of Internal Medicine Department of Respiratory Medicine, Medical Corporation JR Hiroshima Hospital, Hiroshima, 732-0057, Japan article info Article history: Received 14 August 2019 Received in revised form 18 December 2019 Accepted 26 December 2019 Available online xxx Keywords: CT findings Tuberculosis Mycobacterium avium complex Differential diagnosis abstract Background: Since the computed tomography (CT) findings of nontuberculous mycobacte- rial lung disease are similar to those of pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB), we often have difficulty differentiating the two. In this study, we compared the differences in chest CT findings and their locations between cases of PTB and Mycobacterium avium complex lung disease (MACLD). Methods: The subjects were 100 MACLD patients and 42 PTB patients treated at our hospital from May 2005 to August 2015. The CT findings were retrospectively evaluated. Results: PTB more frequently showed lung shadows with calcification inside the lesion, calcification of the mediastinal/hilar lymph node, and pleural effusion on CT than MACLD, while extensive bronchiectasis and granular/large shadows connected to bronchiectasis were more frequently observed with MACLD than PTB. For cavitary lesions, the thinnest part of the cavity wall with MACLD was thinner than that with PTB. Granular shadows, Abbreviations: CT, computed tomography; PTB, pulmonary tuberculosis; MAC, Mycobacterium avium complex; MACLD, Mycobacterium avium complex lung disease; NTMLD, nontuberculous mycobacterial lung disease; RUL, right upper lobe; LUD, left upper division; S, Segment; RIL, right intermediate lobe; LL, left lingula; RS6, right segment 6; LS6, left segment 6; RBS, right basal segmental of the lung; LBS, left basal segmental of the lung; BE, bronchiectasis; HRCT, high-resolution computed tomography. * Corresponding author. Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology & Respiratory Medicine, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine, 89-1, Enya-cho, Izumo, Shimane, 693-8501, Japan. E-mail addresses: taksan55@gmail.com (K. Miura), megumi@med.shimane-u.ac.jp (M. Nakamura), yasuyukitaooka@yahoo.co.jp (Y. Taooka), takamasa@med.shimane-u.ac.jp (T. Hotta), hs1219@med.shimane-u.ac.jp (M. Hamaguchi), okimoto@med.shimane-u.ac.jp (T. Okimoto), ytsubata@med.shimane-u.ac.jp (Y. Tsubata), shama@med.shimane-u.ac.jp (S. Hamaguchi), tks_kuraki@outlook.jp (T. Kuraki), isobeti@med.shimane-u.ac.jp (T. Isobe). Available online at www.sciencedirect.com Respiratory Investigation journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/resinv respiratory investigation xxx (xxxx) xxx https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resinv.2019.12.006 2212-5345/© 2020 Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of The Japanese Respiratory Society. Please cite this article as: Miura K et al., Comparison of the chest computed tomography findings between patients with pulmonary tuberculosis and those with Mycobacterium avium complex lung disease, Respiratory Investigation, https://doi.org/10.1016/ j.resinv.2019.12.006