©Freund Publishing House Ltd International Journal of Nonlinear Sciences and Numerical Simulation 3, 535-538, 2002
Depth dependence of nanohardness in a CuAINi single crystal
shape memory alloy
Cheng Liu
a
'
b
, Qingping Sun
a
*, Yapu Zhao
b
, Tongxi Yu
a
a
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology,
Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, SAR, China
b
State Key Laboratory of Nonlinear Mechanics, Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of
Sciences, 15 Zhongguancun Road, Beijing 100080, China
Abstract
Instrumented nanoindentation was employed to study the depth dependence of nanohardness in a CuAINi
single crystal shape memory alloy that exhibits shape memory effect (SME). A Berkovich indenter and a cube
corner indenter were used in this study, and the applied maximum indentation loads ranged from ΙΟΟΟΟ Ν to
200 Ν. Indentation of the austenite (A) phase of CuAINi underwent a stress-induced phase transition. The
measured nanohardness of A and Μ phases depends on both the indentation depth and the indenter geometry.
Keywords: Nanoindentation, Phase transition, CuAINi single crystal shape memory alloy
1. Introduction
The shape memory effect (SME) and
superelasticity (SE) occur in shape memory
alloys (SMAs). The underlying mechanism of
these properties is the stress-induced martensitic
transformation. Many experimental and
numerical studies of this mechanism have been
focused on: (1) the overall response of SMAs
under different temperatures, stress states and
orientations; (2) the morphology of martensite
and the crystallography; and (3) the micro-
macro-related deformation behavior. SMAs have
been exploited for many engineering In recent
years, they are used in micro-electro-
mechanical-systems (MEMS) and novel medical
devices [1], For MEMS, NiTi and NiTiCu
SMAs thin films have been fabricated and used
* Corresponding author. Tel. : +852-23588655; fax: +852-
23581543
Email address: meqpsun@ust.hk
in micro-actuators and fluid flow valves. In the
medical field, NiTi superelastic micro-tubes and
wires are successfully used for artery stents and
surgical tools. Consequently, the deformation
and properties of SMAs in small scales have
attracted great interest on the study of SMAs.
Sun et al.[2] studied the size effect on the
macroscopic martensite band nucleation stress
of NiTi thin wires under tension. They found
that the smaller the diameter of the wire the
higher the nucleation stress. Gall et al.[3] used
transmission electron microspcopy (TEM) to
study the deformation machanisms for the
indented NiTi SMAs. They found that
indentation of solutionized NiTi SMAs could
induce inelastic deformation via dislocation
activity and a stress-induced martensitic
transformation.
To study the mechanical properties of
materials in a small scale or the size effect, one
of the useful methods is the instrumented
nanoindentation. In ample experiments the
hardness of metal is observed to increase with
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