Textual Enhancement-Based Grammar Instructional
Design for English Students
Veni Roza
English Education Department
IAIN Bukittinggi
Bukitinggi, Indonesia
veniroz_501@yahoo.com
Hermawati Syarif
English Department
UNP
Padang, Indonesia
Desmawati Radjab
English Department
UNP
Padang, Indonesia
M. Zaim
English Department
UNP
Padang, Indonesia
Abstract-- The article was derived from an author’s
dissertation which was supervised by three promoters.
Theresearch was designed to answer students’ need in the field
that they need current grammar teaching model which demands
students to get involved actively in the learning process by
noticing and discovering grammar rules in the context by their
own. This paradigm goes with the student-centered approach
where lecturer acts out as facilitator while students’ role is more
dominant than teachers’. To achieve this goal, the
researcherapplied Research and Development (R&D)by
Thiagarajan et al (1974)’s Four-D Model; defining, designing,
developing, and disseminatingstages. This paper focuses on
designing stage to design the grammar instructional model which
is called textual enhancement-based grammar instruction model
or TEBGIM. The research finding exhibits that conceptual model
of TEBGIM is assumed to be effective for grammar teaching.
Keywords--Textual Enhancement-Based Model Design;
Grammar Instruction
I. INTRODUCTION
Many experts said that grammar is prominent
element in language teaching. Teachers as practioners
perceive the same. This positive perception should picture out
the implementation of grammar teaching in the classroom by
means of teachers’ preparation, teaching material, media,
method of teaching and so forth. Based on fact, mostly
grammar teachers only relied on their teaching preparation on
what they have in their mind and delivered it to students with
higher proportion of teacher-talking time. Another salient
phenomenon was that grammar teaching material was taken
from decontextualized grammar book. This condition makes
grammar as essential element fail to support students’
successfulnessin Englishperformance.
To overcome this problem, the researcher needs to
conduct a research and development to answer students’ need
in the fields. Based on the results of defining stage that
researcher found that skills and subskilss needed by students
for grammar learning were reading, writing and vocabulary.
The most important topic for students to learn was complex
sentences. Selection of appropriate model was the one which
stresses student-centered with focus on form (an approach
with optimal conditions for learning by drawing students’
attention to linguistic forms in the context of meaningful
communication, [1] by discovering rules by their own which is
not dominated lecturers’ talk. Selection of instructional
material which fulfiled students’ need wa very crucial to carry
out since lecturers only used limited learning resources taken
from decontextualized book. There was no need to adopt nor
adapt the grammar book used so far, so it was essential for
lecturer to design and develop grammar material based on
students’ need [2], so that the researcher needs to design
TEBGIM.
II. REVIEW OF RELATED THEORIES
1. TEBGIM and Information Processing Teaching Model
Teaching model is a model of a plan or pattern that
can be used to shape curricula, to design instructional
materials and to guide instruction in the classroom and other
settings. [3]. In line with that, it is a conceptual framework
which describes systematic procedure and organizes learning
experiences to achieve the objectives pre-determined [4].
Teaching model is designed for specific purpose, which
depends on the teaching of information concepts, ways of
thinking, the study of social values and so forth. In designing
the model, students are expected to engage in particular
cognitive and social tasks. The models of teaching are
evidently varied. Some models center on instructor delivery
while others are developed as the learners respond to tasks
given. Regardless of the various teaching models, models
emphasize how to help students learn to construct knowledge-
learning how to learn.
Information Processing Models which base TEBGIM
focus on intellectual capacity. They are concerned with the
ability of the learner to observe, organize data, understand
information, form concepts, employ verbal and nonverbal
symbols and solve problems. The primary purposes of this
model are the mastery of methods of inquiry, the mastery of
1
This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/).
Copyright © 2017, the Authors. Published by Atlantis Press.
Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research (ASSEHR), volume 110
Fifth International Seminar on English Language and Teaching (ISELT 2017)