Strat. Change 23: 375–388 (2014)
Published online in Wiley Online Library
(wileyonlinelibrary.com) DOI: 10.1002/jsc.1983
RESEARCH ARTICLE
Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Strategic Change: Briefngs in Entrepreneurial Finance
Strategic Change
DOI: 10.1002/jsc.1983
Servitization of the IT Industry: The Cloud
Phenomenon
1
Nabil Sultan
School of Business, Leadership and Enterprise, University Campus Sufolk, UK
Cloud computing is increasingly emerging as a new model for servitizing the
information technology (IT) industry. Many organizations, small and large, have
embraced this new servitizing model for IT due to the advantages it promises in
terms of fexible cost structure, scalability, and efciency. But cloud computing is
also a disruptive innovation that is likely to require a fundamental and cultural
shift in the way organizations (both service providers and receivers) view their IT
products and infrastructures. Most interestingly, the cloud paradigm represents an
approach to providing services that is diferent from the recently proposed service-
based (as opposed to physical goods-based) solutions. Tis paper will attempt to
highlight this issue and refect on the development of this emerging business
model that has servitized the IT industry and its implications for organizations
(both sellers and consumers) and the cultural dimension it brings.
To describe the cloud computing phenomenon within the context of ‘servitiza-
tion’ requires some understanding of the history and the literature that gave birth
to the concept of servitization. Tis is important as it will provide some insights
into the characteristics that make cloud computing fundamentally diferent from
other servitized forms of business activity. Furthermore, the disruptive nature of
cloud computing requires further investigation of this phenomenon within the
context of the theory of disruptive innovation, as described by Clayton Chris-
tensen and his colleagues. Tis approach will enable a greater understanding of
the behavioral issues that disruptive innovations give rise to and will provide a
basis for understanding the cultural implications of cloud computing. Moreover,
a good understanding of the cloud phenomenon is required. Hence, some space
is provided here for defning this new IT service model, the services it provides,
and the current issues that it gives rise to (including those of a practical and cul-
tural nature).
Cloud computing is a disruptive
innovation that has servitized the
IT industry in an unprecedented
way. Unlike other known service-
based business models, the cloud
is based on delivering a service
that is originally a physical
product.
The cloud model promises many
benefts but, as is the case with
disruptive innovations, it is
currently experiencing many
performance issues such as
security, interoperability, and
reliability.
Current evidence suggests that
servitizing the IT industry through
the cloud is likely to grow in
popularity but will require a
fundamental and cultural change
in how organizations choose to
take advantage of it.
1
JEL classifcation codes: O32, O33.
T
he emergence of cloud computing represents a new paradigm of servitization,
where a physical product (software or hardware) is transformed into a service.