Research Article A Novel Routing Protocol for Low-Energy Wireless Sensor Networks Sebastin Suresh, 1 V. Prabhu, 2 V. Parthasarathy, 3 Rajasekhar Boddu , 4 Yadala Sucharitha, 5 and Gemmachis Teshite 4 1 Anna University, Chennai, India 2 Vel Tech Multi Tech Dr. Rangarajan Dr. Sakunthala Engineering College, Chennai, India 3 Karpagam Academy of Higher Education, Coimbatore, India 4 Department of Software Engineering, College of Computing and Informatics, Haramaya University, Dire Dawa, Ethiopia 5 Department of Computer Science and Engineering, CMR Institute of Technology, Hyderabad, TS State, India Correspondence should be addressed to Rajasekhar Boddu; rajsekhar.boddu@haramaya.edu.et Received 15 June 2022; Revised 29 July 2022; Accepted 9 August 2022; Published 27 August 2022 Academic Editor: Eunsung Oh Copyright © 2022 Sebastin Suresh et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. The battery power limits the energy consumption of wireless sensor networks (WSN). As a result, its network performance suffered significantly. Therefore, this paper proposes an opportunistic energy-efficient routing protocol (OEERP) algorithm for reducing network energy consumption. It provides accurate target location detection, energy efficiency, and network lifespan extension. It is intended to schedule idle nodes into a sleep state, thereby optimising network energy consumption. Sleep is dynamically adjusted based on the network’s residual energy (RE) and flow rate (FR). It saves energy for a longer period. The sleep nodes are triggered to wake up after a certain time interval. The simulation results show that the proposed OEERP algorithm outperforms existing state-of-the-art algorithms in terms of accuracy, energy efficiency, and network lifetime extension. 1. Introduction WSNs are framed by sensor combinations used for monitor- ing various environmental parameters. These nodes required a high energy consumption to transmit data [1]. The inte- gration of battery power supply has improved the perfor- mance of WSNs. However, due to the limited battery life, many WSNs are prone to energy depletion. Most of the pro- tocols do not focus on the energy distribution of the nodes [2]. This means that the routes chosen for energy consump- tion can only be used for specific applications. The main rea- son for packet loss is due to the improper network partition [3] and the retransmission of a packet consuming more energy [4]. WSNs advance in terms of raw data generation volume [5]. However, radio spectrum scarcity and the strain on resource management increase tenfold [6]. Researchers have been working on a clustering method that can better utilise valuable radio spectrum for several years. The sensed data can be transmitted to the node’s licenced spectrum sta- tus of primary devices and reused within interference con- straints. In [7], it describes WSNs that use cognitive radios for spectrum sensing, spectrum access, and interference management. Improve network energy efficiency by taking into account the minimum data rate and interference limits in CR-based WSNs [8] in order to maintain maximum EE in networks with energy-constrained devices (e.g., sensors, actuators, and controllers). Device-to-device (D2D) commu- nication has been widely used in IoT networks to reduce transmission delays and power consumption while also improving spectrum efficiency [9]. Under interference con- straints, two nodes can communicate directly with each other using the same radio resource of cellular devices Hindawi Journal of Sensors Volume 2022, Article ID 8244176, 8 pages https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/8244176