Turkish Journal of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation; 32(3) ISSN 2651-4451 | e-ISSN 2651-446X www.turkjphysiotherrehabil.org 10081 MOLECULAR IDENTIFICATION OF BACTERIAL SPECIES ISOLATED FROM THE NASAL AND OROPHARYNGEAL MUCOSA OF SLAUGHTERHOUSE WORKERS Safaa Aziz Mouhsen 1, Intessar Amer Hashim 2, Zainab Abood Sadoon 3 1,2,3 Ministry of Education, Directorate-General for Education Dhi-Qar 1 Masterlion5579@gmail.com 2 Intessar2017@gmail.com 3 zaidwn132@gmail.com ABSTRACT This study aimed to determine the bacterial species colonizing the nasal and oropharyngeal mucosa of fuel workers in Central Thi-Qar, Iraq on a microbiological and molecular level. Throat and nasal swab samples were obtained from 20slaughterhouse workers attendants in the period of time extending from March to May 2021 in Thi-Qar, Iraq. Microbiological identification techniques were utilized to identify the bacterial species isolated. Antibiotic sensitivity was assessed for each of the bacterial isolates. Molecular identification techniques based on PCR. Three bacterial species were isolated from both the nasal cavity and the oropharynx including, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus and Klebsiella pneumoniae. We found 100% sensitivity of the isolates to ciprofloxacin, cefuroxime and gentamicin. Whereas cefotaxime and azithromycin posted sensitivities of 85.7% and 91.4%, respectively. Low sensitivities (<60% sensitivity) to the antibiotics ampicillin, erythromycin, clarithromycin and norfloxacin were observed. Ninety-seven percent similarity to the microbial bank species was noted when the isolates werecompared to it. In conclusion,exposure to meat of animals may be a contributing factor tobacterial colonization of the respiratory tract in slaughterhouse workers. I. INTRODUCTION Bacterial waste of meat relies upon the underlying number of microorganism, time/temperature mix of capacity conditions and physicochemical properties of meat (1). Generally, defilement happens on account of deficient clean conditions and taking care of in slaughterhouses (2), besides the connection properties and the biofilm arrangement of microorganisms on surfaces work with cross-pollution (3). Preslaughter conditions like taking care of and lodging including spreadable defilements from skin and defecation, substance of absorption framework, and polluted water are wellsprings of Staphylococcus, Escherichia and Bacillus cereus (2). Various cycles in slaughterhouses like destruction can taint bodies and hardware with gut microscopic organisms (4). The most usually recognized fecal coliforms in slaughterhouses are: Enterobacter, Citrobacter and Klebsiella (2; 5; 6). Anti-infection safe enterococci were reliably disconnected from steers, poultry and pig cadavers, or from new meat (7). Pseudomonas are the major causative deterioration microorganisms in meat, basically because of their metabolic adaptability and capacity to deliver extracellular proteases and lipases cause oxidation, shading change, off-flavor, disgusting or soft structure and creature tissues debasement (8 ; 1). Schlegelova et al. (2) announced that tainting of meat by safe strains of S. aureus and E. coli during butchering measure drastically have been expanded showing, optional defilement from the climate of slaughterhouses (2). Culture subordinate techniques can inadequately decide biological specialties and cooperative connections, additionally mutilating the local area structure of the cultivable part during refined because of selectivity (9). In this examination, we explored microbial variety on various surfaces and gear in slaughterhouses and laborers. II. MATERIALS AND METHODS Sample collection and isolation and testing for antibiotic resistance Participantswere recruited from slaughterhouse in Thi-Qar, Iraq, during the period of time between March and May2021. All the participants were informed about the aim andobjectives of the study and approval forms were obtained.The swab samples where then inoculatedonto special agar specific for the diagnosis.. This method