346 Birdshot chorioretinopathy (BCR) is a rare posterior uveitis characterized by bilateral multiple cream- colored choroidal lesions, moderate vitritis, and strong association with the allele HLA-A29. 1,2 BCR is a chronically progressive disease and patients often complain of decreased vision and other visual disturbances. 3,4 Legal blindness can be present in 20% of affected patients after 10 years of follow-up 5 Floaters, abnormal color vision, and nyctalopia are also common despite preserved visual acuity. 6 Corticosteroids have historically been the frst line of treatment in BCR. In addition to oral treatment, periocular or intravitreal injections of triamcinolone acetonide have been used. As a high dose of corti- costeroids is commonly necessary to control the dis- ease, immunosuppressive agents have been largely used. 6,7 The effect of treatment may be linked to the pattern of the disease. Birdshot chorioretinopathy (BCR) can be associated with vitreoretinal complica- tions, including macular edema, persistent vitreous opacities, vitreous hemorrhage, epiretinal mem- brane, and choroidal neovascular membranes. 2,3,8 All of these can cause severe visual loss and may require vitreo-retinal surgery. The aim of this study is to evaluate the outcomes of pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) in 16 eyes with vitreo-retinal complications of BCR. PATIENTS AND METHODS The authors performed a retrospective review of the clinical charts of patients with BCR who underwent PPV indicated as treatment of vitreo-retinal complica- tions refractory to medical treatment. Subjects were 9 consecutive patients selected from a cohort of 54 patients (16.6%) with BCR followed at the Department of Ophthalmology, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Spain. The diagnosis of BCR was established according to the research criteria of an international consensus conference of experts in BCR. 9 Although HLA-A29 positivity is not required for diagnosis, all our patients had tested positive. As stated in these criteria, the presence of other entities mimicking BCR was used as an exclusion criterion. Evaluation with best-corrected visual acu- ity (BCVA), fundus photography, Cirrus High Ocular Immunology & Infammation, 19(5), 346–352, 2011 Copyright © 2011 Informa Healthcare USA, Inc. ISSN: 0927-3948 print/ 1744-5078 online DOI: 10.3109/09273948.2011.590265 Received 26 October 2010; revised 15 May 2011; accepted 18 May 2011 Correspondence: Víctor Llorenç, C/Girona, 147, 2°-2ª, 08037 Barcelona, Spain. E-mail: llorens.victor@gmail.com ORIGINAL ARTICLE Pars Plana Vitrectomy for Vitreo-Retinal Complications of Birdshot Chorioretinopathy Víctor Llorenç, Johannes Keller, Laura Pelegrín, and Alfredo Adán Institut Clínic d’Oftalmologia, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain ABSTRACT Purpose: To evaluate the anatomical and functional outcomes of pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) in the treatment of vitreoretinal complications of birdshot chorioretinopathy (BCR). Methods: The clinical records of 9 consecutive patients (16 eyes) with vitreo retinal complications in BCR refrac- tory to medical therapy who underwent pars plana vitrectomy were reviewed. Results: Indications for PPV were macular edema in 9 eyes (56.2%), and persistent vitreous opacities in 7 (43.8%). At a mean postoperative follow-up of 44.1 months, best-corrected visual acuity improved ≥2 Snellen lines in 9 eyes (56.2%), remained stable in 6 (37.5%) and worsened in 1 eye (11.1%). Systemic medication was signifcatively reduced after surgery (p = .020) and macular thickness on optical coherence tomography exams decreased signifcatively in eyes with macular edema (p = .0039). Conclusions: In this small series of eyes with limited follow-up PPV seems to be a safe and effective for treat- ment of vitreoretinal complications in patients with BCR. Keywords: birdshot chorioretinopathy, macular edema, pars plana vitrectomy, surgery, treatment, uveitis