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The Pharma Innovation Journal 2022; SP-11(7): 2236-2240
ISSN (E): 2277-7695
ISSN (P): 2349-8242
NAAS Rating: 5.23
TPI 2022; SP-11(7): 2236-2240
© 2022 TPI
www.thepharmajournal.com
Received: 01-05-2022
Accepted: 05-06-2022
Sarjna Meena
Assistant Professor, Department of
Veterinary Pathology, Post Graduate
Institute of Veterinary Education and
Research, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
Rohitash Dadhich
Professor & Head, Department of
Veterinary Pathology, Post Graduate
Institute of Veterinary Education and
Research, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
Sanjita Sharma
Professor & Head, Livestock
Production Management, Post
Graduate Institute of Veterinary
Education and Research, Jaipur,
Rajasthan, India
Dharm Singh Meena
Professor & Head, Department of
Veterinary Medicine, Post Graduate
Institute of Veterinary Education and
Research, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
Sandeep Ku. Sharma
Assistant Professor & Incharge,
Department of Veterinary
Microbiology and Biotechnology,
Post Graduate Institute of Veterinary
Education and Research, Jaipur,
Rajasthan, India
Anita Rathore
Assistant Professor, Department of
Veterinary Pathology, CVAS,
Navania, Udaipur, Rajasthan, India
Sandeep Marodia
Assistant Professor, Department of
Veterinary Clinical Complex, Apollo
College of Veterinary Medicine,
Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
Rashmi Singh
Assistant Professor, Department of
Veterinary Medicine, Post Graduate
Institute of Veterinary Education and
Research, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
Corresponding Author
Sarjna Meena
Assistant Professor, Department of
Veterinary Pathology, Post Graduate
Institute of Veterinary Education and
Research, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
Cytopathological and histopathological studies on
Sarcocystis in oesophagus of goat
Sarjna Meena, Rohitash Dadhich, Sanjita Sharma, Dharm Singh Meena,
Sandeep Ku. Sharma, Anita Rathore, Sandeep Marodia and Rashmi
Singh
Abstract
Sarcocystosis is a silent zoonotic parasitic disease caused by an obligatory intracellular coccidian
protozoan of the genus Sarcocystis with a worldwide geographic distribution. The present investigation
was carried out to record the prevalence, cytopathological and histopathological findings of Sarcocystosis
in oesophagus of goat in Jaipur, Rajasthan. In this study, a total of 1115 of digestive tract samples were
collected from goats, irrespective of age groups, breeds and sex. Out of the total 1115 samples, 152
representative samples of oesophagus were processed for subsequent cytopathological and
histopathological examinations. The results of the present study revealed an overall prevalence of
sarcocystosis as 13.63 per cent. After investigated esophagi, the goat had been infected with both types,
macroscopic and microscopic cysts for the infection. During gross examination, only in four cases
(0.35%) macroscopic sarcocysts noticed, in the form of many white to pale, oval fat (macro), grain sized,
multifocal nodules on outer surface and in the majority of cases microsarcocysts were evident in
oesophgeal muscles. In cytopathology, giemsa stained impression smears, collected from the oesophagi
were found positive for microscopic sarcocysts and banana-shaped bradyzoites in clusters as well as
individually. Histopathologically, the study depicted the presence of several forms of microscopic cyst,
including spindle, circular, elliptical, cylindrical and twisted form in esophagus. Microscopically, these
appeared as blue colour sarcocysts contained bradyzoites in tunica muscularis including both thin-walled
and thick-walled. Individual microcyst was surrounded by single layer of muscle fibers and degeneration
and necrosis of muscle bundles were prominent. Hence, this study is one of the very few studies which
have investigated the cytodiagnosis of zoonotic disease in veterinary sciences. It contributes in the
existing literature on cytohistopathological diagnosis of the Sarcocystosis not only in goats but also in
other meat producing animals. In present investigation, the prevalence was primarily related to the
presence of microsarcocysts in muscles. Thus, microscopic examination of slide impression smears
collected from the meat is essential to diagnose the Sarcocystosis for screening of the disease. It is
recommended that meat should be cooked sufficiently or frozen before use to prevent health hazards to
the consumer.
Keywords: Cytodiagnosis, bradyzoites, sarcocysts, prevalence, goat
Introduction
Sarcocystosis caused by the genus Sarcocystis, is widespread in livestock and has significant
economic impact on production of domestic animals as well as on health, may cause mortality
in many species of domestic and wild animals. Sarcocystis species are intracellular protozoan
parasites with a requisite two host life cycle based on a prey-predator (intermediate- definitive)
host relationship (Narnaware et al., 2016)
[17]
. This genus consists of more than 189 species
with global distribution (Poulsen et al., 2014)
[19]
. The majority of the known Sarcocystis spp.
appear to be intermediate host-specific (Gjerde., 2016)
[8]
. A wide range of vertebrates,
including mammals, birds, and fish, are infected by Sarcocystis spp. Merogony and cyst
formation (asexual stage) occur in the vascular endothelial and striated muscle cells of the
intermediate host (Herbivores and omnivores, such as humans serve as both intermediate and
definitive hosts) whereas gametogony and sporogony (sexual stages) occur in the intestine
mucosa of definitive host (Fukuyo, et al., 2002
[7]
, Hoeve-Bakker et al., 2019)
[10]
. Definitive
hosts are infected through the ingestion of Sarcocystis in muscle tissues, which include
carnivorous predators, scavengers, as well as humans. Intermediate hosts become infected
through the ingestion of sporocysts present in feed or water contaminated by fecal materials of
definitive hosts (Gjerde, 2016)
[8]
. The multiplication within striated muscle cells leads to the
formation of mature sarcocysts, which have a characteristic morphology for each species, and