E-ISSN 2240-0524
ISSN 2239-978X
Journal of Educational and Social Research
www.richtmann.org
Vol 12 No 5
September 2022
11
.
Research Article
© 2022 Fernández-Bedoya et al.
This is an open access article licensed under the Creative Commons
Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License
(https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/)
Received: 14 June 2022 / Accepted: 20 August 2022 / Published: 2 September 2022
Exposure to Anime in Peru and Its Relationship with Demand for
Goods and Services Related to Japanese Popular Culture
Víctor Hugo Fernández-Bedoya
Johanna de Jesús Stephanie Gago-Chávez
Monica Elisa Meneses-La-Riva
Josefina Amanda Suyo-Vega
Division of Research, Universidad César Vallejo,
Av. Larco 1770, Trujillo 13001, Peru
DOI: https://doi.org/10.36941/jesr-2022-0118
Abstract
Japanese animation, usually referred as anime, has gained popularity around the world. Anime fans, when
exposed to this audio-visual product, generate unique feelings, which could develop into an attraction for
other cultural products of Japanese origin. The objective of the study is to determinate significates
relationships between exposure to anime and the raising demand for goods and services related to Japanese
popular (in the means of desire to consume manga, to eat Japanese cuisine, to wear Japanese fashion, to
attend a Japanese rock or pop concert, to study the Japanese language, and to travel to Japan). The research
was conducted in Arenales Plaza, a famous otaku congregation place located in Lima, Peru. Data was
collected through a questionnaire developed by the authors, applied to a sample of 68 observations. The
descriptive results identified high levels in each of the observed variables. As for the inferential results,
Spearman's rho statistical test determined that there was a relationship between exposure to anime and the
desire to consume manga (p. < 0.001; r = 0.75), desire to consume Japanese cuisine (p. < 0.001; r = 0.65),
desire to consume Japanese fashion (p. < 0.001; r = 0.65), desire to consume Japanese pop and rock music (p.
< 0.001; r = 0.25), desire to study Japanese (p. < 0.001; r = 0.25), and desire to travel to Japan (p. < 0.001; r =
0.53).
Keywords: anime; Japanese popular culture; manga; Japanese cuisine; Japanese fashion; study Japanese; travel
to Japan; otaku; demand
1. Introduction
Before learning what started the interest of a young student in Peru in watching computer
animations, reading comics, eating traditional food, buying toys, or listening to music from Japan, a
country located 9,632 miles away, a new word needs to be discussed: otaku.
The contemporary usage of the word otaku originates in an essay titled “A Study of Otaku” that
appeared in 1983. In this essay, anime fans in Japan back then used this word in conversations among
themselves (Morikawa, 2012). Otakus are mainly interested in anime, manga, games, the Internet,