8th Power Electronics, Drive Systems & Technologies Conference (PEDSTC 2017)
14-16 Feb. 2017, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
Tracking error minimization in multi-loop control of
UPS inverters using the reference frame
transformation
Reza Razi, Mohammad Monfared
Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of
engineering
Ferdowsi University of Mashhad
Mashhad, Iran reza.razi@alumni.um.ac.ir,
m.monfared@um.ac.ir
Abstract-The main problem in most existing control methods
for uninterruptible power supply (UPS) inverters is their
excessive complexity. This problem is successfully solved in
multi-loop control methods by simple proportional controllers.
Nevertheless, using the simple proportional controllers instead of
conventional controllers, such as a proportional-resonant (PR) or
a proportional-integral (PI) controller, leads to several
disadvantages such as the steady state and transient errors. This
paper investigates the multi-loop control scheme by proportional
controllers using a reference frame transformation for single
phase UPS inverters. The proposed control method uses two
nested proportional controllers in the synchronous reference
frame. In fact, the steady state error of the UPS inverter in
response to the ramp function changes to the steady state error in
response to the step function using the reference frame
transformation. Excellent tracking performance, no need to any
derivative or integrator, fast dynamic response and simplicity of
design and implementation are some advantages of the proposed
method. The feasibility of the proposed control method is
confrmed through simulations in MATLAB/SIMULINK.
Kewords-Reference frame transformation; Tracking error;
Multi-loop control; Single-phase UPS inverter.
I. INTRODUCTION
Recent developments in distibuted generation (DG) show
the high potential of these resources as a good replacement for
conventional power supply systems, especially for
electrifcation of remote areas or sensitive loads. Generally, an
interface is required for distributed generation sources to
convert generated electicity into AC power with desired
voltage and fequency. For this purose, of-grid power
electronic converters, which are called UPS inverters, are used
to adjust the outut energy of DGs. The UPS inverters act as a
contolled voltage source, unlike the grid connected inverters
[1-2].
Many contol schemes are provided for contol of UPS
inverters [3-4]. The repetitive contollers, which are based on
the interal model principle, in particular, are used in dealing
with periodic signals. However, slow dynamics, need for large
978-1-5090-5766-5/17/$3l.00 ©2017 IEEE 311
Alireza Hadizadeh
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering,
Faculty of engineering
University of Tehran
Tehran, Iran
hadizadehI7@ut.ac.ir
memory space and poor performance in the presence of non
periodic signals are some disadvantages of this method [5-7].
Also, the non-linear contollers have some good features
such as fast dynamics, but these techniques have some
drawbacks such as complexity, sensitivity to parameter
variations and steady-state errors [8-10].
Various methods have been proposed for multi-loop
contollers [11-13], which typically use a combination of load
voltage, load curent and capacitive or inductive current of LC
flter sensors. Major disadvantages associated with multi-loop
contol schemes are the complexity of the interal and exteral
loops parameters design and need many sensors for measuring
of feedback variables. Therefore, in [14 and 15], the
complexity of the multi-loop contol method was reduced
without using proportional-integral (PI) and proportional
resonant (PR) contollers. However, an undeniable tacking
error was observed in steady state conditions in [14] and in
transient mode in [15].
This paper investigates a new multi-loop conol scheme by
simple proportional contollers using a reference fame
tansformation for single-phase UPS inverters. In this method,
each of the feedback variables, afer creating a virtual phase
and transform it fom the stationary reference fame to the
synchronous reference fame, individually is contolled. Also,
to increase reliability and reduce the cost and size, the Kalman
flter algorithm is used to estimate the outut voltage. Finally,
the performance of the proposed conol method and
comparison with other methods is done by simulating in
MA TLAB / SIMULINK.
II. SYSTEM MODELING
Block diagram of the power stage of the single-phase UPS
inverter with output LC flter is shown in Fig. 1.
Desired values of the circuit parameters are shown in Table
1. According to Fig. 1, the equations, describing the dynamics of
UPS inverter, can be extracted.