sustainability
Article
Sustainable Entrepreneurship in the 2030 Horizon
Fernando Crecente * , María Sarabia and María Teresa del Val
Citation: Crecente, F.; Sarabia, M.;
del Val, M.T. Sustainable
Entrepreneurship in the 2030 Horizon.
Sustainability 2021, 13, 909. https://
doi.org/10.3390/su13020909
Received: 29 December 2020
Accepted: 14 January 2021
Published: 18 January 2021
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Department of Economics and Business Management, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcalá de Henares, Spain;
maria.sarabia@uah.es (M.S.); mteresa.val@uah.es (M.T.d.V.)
* Correspondence: fernando.crecente@uah.es
Abstract: (1) Background: this paper analyzes the relationship between entrepreneurship and
sustainability following the worldwide reference of the 2030 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)
framework set by the United Nations. Nowadays, these SDGs are the inspiration for many types of
entrepreneurship that combine value creation with conservation and social protection. (2) Methods:
using the indicators provided by Eurostat in its section called “Sustainable development indicators”,
we have developed a dataset of 21 variables applied to the European Union (EU27) for the period
2013–2017. (3) Results: the results hold that these SDGs have favored a climate of change in the
European economies towards more responsible behavior on the part of society, institutions, and their
business fabric, creating new sustainable entrepreneurship. (4) Conclusions: the promotion of the
SDGs has contributed to increasing the rate of entrepreneurial activity in the period 2013–2017.
Keywords: entrepreneurship; sustainability; sustainable development goals (SDGs); sustainable
entrepreneurship goals (SEGs)
1. Introduction
We are celebrating the 75th anniversary of the United Nations and the 5th anniversary
of the adoption of the Sustainable Development Goals. At the same time, we are expe-
riencing a pandemic that is transforming our economies and societies in an unexplored
way. In this context, the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) are the inspiration for
many types of entrepreneurship that combine value creation with conservation and social
protection. In 2030, these SDGs also will mark the way to create new ventures that deserve
to be investigated and promoted. Some authors define the concept of eco-entrepreneur [1]
and other authors [2] define sustainable entrepreneurship as a model of economic and
social behavior, opening the doors to sustainability in entrepreneurship [3–5].
Sustainable entrepreneurship represents the link between business the creation process
and holistic well-being (social, economic, health or environmental). Circular business
models focused on reducing the negative impacts on society, the environment and the
efficient use of goods and services, giving rise to entrepreneurship and intrapreneurship
projects within the so-called green economy [1].
The European Environment Agency (EEA) [6] applies the circular economy concept
to “all kinds of natural resources, including biotic and abiotic materials, water and land.
Eco-design, repair, reuse, refurbishment, remanufacture, product sharing, waste prevention
and waste recycling are all important in the circular economy.” That represents a colored
fan of different sustainable economies such as blue one (water) and green one (land).
Health and well-being constitute the third goal of the sustainable development 2030
agenda and pose a global challenges because, firstly, they assume a transformation in
ways of understanding health—through the prevention of disease with a healthy diet and
physical exercise—and second, because they represent a new way of caring for health not
as an option, but as both an individual and a social responsibility. Although obesity is one
of the diseases with the greatest impact in the 21st century, in Spain it has been possible
to reduce the overweight figures by three percentage points, especially in boys and girls
Sustainability 2021, 13, 909. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13020909 https://www.mdpi.com/journal/sustainability