Pankaj Singh & Gurpartap Singh International Journal of Signal Processing (SPIJ), Volume (7) : Issue (1) : 2013 66 A Novel Path Tracing Scheme In All-Optical Networks Using Benes Network Pankaj Singh pankaj1990@outlook.com Department of Electronics and Communication Lovely Professional University Phagwara, 144401, India Gurpartap Singh gurpartap.15882@lpu.co.in Department of Electronics and Communication Lovely Professional University Phagwara, 144401, India Abstract A novel path tracing scheme is described in this paper which is known as Prime number encoding scheme using Benes network. In this scheme every data packet consist a label which is default 1 and every node consist of a prime number tag, as this data packet pass through the network label will be multiplied with the tag of the node. Prime number multiplication is done with encoder. At the receiver end factorization is done which gives the information of travelled path. In this scheme optical cross connects (OXC) is replaced with the Benes network which gives the better result than OXC. System having Benes network gives less attenuation than OXC and complexity of the system also decreases. Keywords: Path Tracing Scheme, Optical Network Management, Optical Cross Connect (OXC), Benes Network, All-optical Network (AON). 1. INTRODUCTION In All-optical networks switching is an essential part, it helps to route the data from source to destination. There are two types of switching in a network infrastructure: Circuit switching and Packet switching, both techniques have own advantage and disadvantage. In circuit switching, a guaranteed amount of bandwidth is allocated to each user and this connection available to the user for all the time, once the connection is set up. The sum of the bandwidth of all the circuits, or connections, on a link should be less than the link bandwidth. Example of circuit switching is Public-switched telephone networks (PSTN), these networks are provide to support voice stream and for other bulky data. Now days circuit switching is also known as private line service, which is used for security purpose [1]. Another type of switching is Packet switching in which data is broken into small parts and known as packet. Packet switching is used for small amount of data and it doesn’t create the physical path between the source and destination. In All-optical networks packets are always carried on a carrier that can be of different wavelengths, signal generated from one source can be delivered at the different destination nodes using wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) which helps to route the data in optical network. At each network node routing decision is made that based on its current traffic loading and the destinations addresses of the data packets received. When an optical data packet arrives at a node in network, its packet header that contains usually of lower data rate is first extracted and detected, to retrieve its destination address. The high-speed packet payload portion is buffered through fiber delay lines, before the optical packet is being switched, via the optical cross-connect (OXC), based on the routing decision formed.