Japanese Society of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine NII-Electronic Library Service Japanese Sooiety of Zoo and Wildlife Medioine ESTRUS − RELATED BEHAVIORS JNMALAYAN TAPIR □動 物 行動学 □ Full paper Male and FemaleBehaviors Related with Estrus and ⊂ opulation in the ⊂ aptive MalayanTapir ， Tap ’ ru ∫’ ndicus Satoshi KUSUDA 1 〕 ， KaokoISHIHARA2 ） ， MasakazuIKOMA3 ） ， Osamu DOI ’） ， Katsuji UETAKE2 ） and ToshioTANAKA2 ） 1） LaboratDry Df AnimalReproduction ， Faculty of Applied Biological Sciences ， GifuUniversity ， 1 − lYanagido ， Gifu501 − ll93 ， Japan 2）Laboratoryof Anima 】 Behav めr and Managernent ， School of Veterinary Medicine ， AzabuUniversity ， 1 − 17 − 71Fuchinobe ， Sagamihara ， Kanagawa229 − 85011Japan 3） Tama ZoologicalPark ， 7 − 1 − lHodokubo ， Hino ， Tokyol91 − 0042 ， Japan （ 2007 年 10 月 29 日 受 領 ， 2008 年 5 月 16 日採択） 飼育下 マ レ ー バクの 発情 に 伴 う雌雄の 行動変 化 楠田哲士 D ，石原 佳央子 z｝ ， 生駒正和 3， ，土井 守 1） ，植竹勝治 2〕 ，田 中智夫 2） 1 ）岐阜大学応用 生 物科学部動物繁殖 学 研 究室 〒 501 − 1193 岐阜県岐阜市柳戸 1 − 1 2 ）麻布大学獣医学部動物行動管 理 学研究 室 〒 229 − 8501 神 ． 奈． 川県相模原市淵野辺 1 ・ 17 − 71 3）東京都多摩動物公園 〒 191 − 0042 東京都 ［ 1野市 ． 程久保 7 − 1 − 1 ABSTRA⊂ T ． The aims of the present study were to chara ⊂terize differences lnbehavior between copulatory and non − copulatory periods in male and femaleMalayan tapirs （ Tapirus indicus ） and to illustrate the characteristics of estrus − related behaviors infemale tapirs ． Megascopic observations were performed using two procedures f （〕 r two pairs of male and femaleMalayan tapirs incaptivity ， Inobservation 1 ， fivebehavioral categories ， Attract （♀ → ♂） ， Chasing （ ♂ → ♀） ， Mounting （ ♂ → ！ ）， Copulation （ ♂）and Vocalization （ 9 ） ， were recorded as present or absent within a day fbr over lyear ， Inobservatlon II ， eighteen behavioral categories of maintenance and reproductive behaviQrs were recDrded by the methods of one − zero sampling wlth l − min intervals and ／or continuous sampling for 4 morlths ． The estrous cycle of afemale ， 廿om which it was possible to collect blood ， was determined by assaying serum progesterDne concentrat めns ． Copulation periods in pairs l and II lasted forL7 ± 0 ． 4 daysat 46， 7 ± 3． 9 day − intervals and 2． 1 ± 0 ． 3 days at 34 ． 4 ± 1 ． 2day − i 口tervals ， respectively ， In the males of both pairs ， Chasing （ ♂ → ♀ ）． Mounting （ ♂ → ♀） ， Sexual investigation （ ♂ → ♀ ）、 Vocalization and Bi 〔 ing （ ♂ → ♀ ）slgnificantly increasedinthe copulatory period ・ In females ， Vocalization stgnificantly increasedarld Spray urination had a tendency toincreaseinthe copulatory period than non − copu ］ a 亡 ory period ． In contrast ， Res亡 ingsignificantly increasedin the non − copulatory period ・ The es 亡 rous cycle based on the serum progesterone prD 且 les of a female was 46 、 3 ± 4． 9 daysand thus well corresponded to the copulatory cycle leng 〔 h ； therefbre ， it seerns that increasedvocalization and possibly spray urination are estrous signs infemaleMalayan tapirs． Key word lestrus ， Malayan tapir ， progesterone ， reproductive behavior Jpn． ∫Zoo ． Wildt ． Med ． 13 （ 2 ） ． 45 − 50 ， 2008 INTRODU ⊂ TlON The Malayan tapir （ Tapirusindicus ） belongs to the fami ｝ y Tapiridae ， including the order Perissodactyla ， and lives alone 互 n the tropical rnoist forests of central and southern Sumatra 、 Thailand ， Malaysia and Myanmar 、 This speeies faces a highrisk of extinction in the wild because of habitat loss and degradation ， harvesting ， hurnan disturbance and others ． According tothe IUCN Red List of Threatened Species ， Malayan tapirs are classified as Vulnerable ［ 1ユand especially the Sumatran popula し ion of this species islisted inEndangered ［ 2 ユ ． According to the Japanese Studbook of Tapirs 、 34 Malayan tapirs are kept at lOzoologicalfacilities in Japan （ December ， 2006data ）［ 3］ ． Afew offspring are bornevery year inJapan ； however ， only Iimited pajrs breedsuccessfu 】 ly ． Currently ， establishing new breeding pairs isactively promoted as part of the captive propagation program for tapirs・ It hasbeenreported that the estrous cycle length in Malayan tapir isapproximately l month based on the interval between the days when courtship and copulation were obserVed ［ 4 − 6 ］ 、 Estrousbehavior consists of increased vocalization and urine dribbling ， and copulatiorl occurs at least once during 〔 he estrus 一 45 一 N 工工 一 Eleotronio Library