Introduction
Our previous studies demonstrated that activation of the
prostaglandin D
2
(PGD
2
) selective prostanoid receptor (DP
receptor) could inhibit histamine release from anti-IgE
stimulated rat peritoneal mast cells (RPMC) [1]. Since the
DP receptor is known to be positively coupled to the G
s
pro-
tein, which subsequently leads to the activation of adenylate
cyclase [2], we further investigated the effects of PGD
2
on the
level of intracellular cyclic AMP in RPMC .
Materials and methods
Mast cells from ovalbumin-sensitized male Sprague Dawley rats were
purified by centrifugation through Percoll density gradients [1]. Puri-
fied mast cells were pre-incubated with ibuprofen (10 mM, Cayman
Chemical) for 20 min at 37 °C to eliminate interference by endo-
genously produced prostanoids. 100 ml of ibuprofen treated cells (10
5
)
were added to tubes containing 50 ml of PGD
2
(Cayman Chemical)
and/or anti-IgE (ICN Biomedicals) for different periods of incubation
which were then stopped by the addition of 10 ml of 70 % perchloric
acid. Samples were immediately snap-frozen in liquid nitrogen and
were stored at –70
°
C until assay. Cyclic AMP in the samples were
extracted by adding 100 ml of a 1 : 1 mixture of tri-n-octylamine and
1,1,2-trichlorotrifluoroethane to 150 ml of samples. 100 ml of the top
layer, which was free from organic solvents, was then transferred to
fresh micro-centrifuge tubes for cyclic AMP quantification using the
cyclic AMP Enzyme Immunosorbent assay (EIA) kit from Cayman
Chemical. The increase in cyclic AMP was normalized against the basal
cyclic AMP level obtained from cells incubated in buffer alone and was
expressed as the percentage of increase in cyclic AMP. Histamine re-
lease from the same pools of cells incubated for 5 min in the same com-
binations of anti-IgE and/or PGD
2
was also determined spectrofluoro-
metrically for each experiment [1]. Unless specified, all materials were
purchased from Sigma Chemicals.
Results and discussion
When incubated with RPMC alone, both PGD
2
(10 μM) and
the immunological stimulus, anti-IgE (1/250 dilution), in-
duced a transient and monophasic elevation of intracellular
cyclic AMP levels by around 200% of basal levels within the
Inflamm. res. 50, Supplement 2 (2001) S 61– S 62
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© Birkhäuser Verlag, Basel, 2001
Inflammation Research
Modulation of intracellular cyclic AMP in immunologically activated
rat peritoneal mast cells by prostaglandin D
2
H.Y. A. Lau and C. L. Chan
Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, SAR, China,
Fax: 852 2603 5139, e-mail: hyalau@cuhk.edu.hk
Correspondence to: H. Y. A. Lau
first 30 s (Table 1). Both elevations gradually returned to
basal levels after 120 s. 35.8 % ± 1.4 % and – 1.5 % ± 0.5 % of
total cellular histamine were released by anti-IgE and PGD
2
,
respectively, at the end of the 5 min incubation period (values
were corrected for the spontaneous histamine release of
7.3 % ± 0.2 % in buffer alone). The observation with anti-IgE
confirmed previous reports which described similar kinetics
of cyclic AMP elevation induced by mast cell activators
which mediated their effects by cross-linking the high af-
finity IgE receptors [3]. Although mast cells were obviously
activated by anti-IgE, whether this immunologically-induced
cyclic AMP elevation plays an enhancing or inhibitory role in
the activation of mast cell exocytosis remains controversial
[4, 5]. The elevation of cyclic AMP induced by PGD
2
con-
firmed that PGD
2
alone can activate adenylate cyclase and
was comparable to that previously reported [6]. In contrast to
anti-IgE, the elevated cyclic AMP induced by PGD
2
alone did
not affect the basal level of histamine release. When RPMC
was activated by anti-IgE (1/250) in the presence of PGD
2
Table. 1. Effects of anti-IgE (1/250 dilution), PGD
2
(10 μM) and anti-
IgE (1/250) with PGD
2
(10 μM) on cyclic AMP changes in rat peritone-
al mast cells. Results are increase in cyclic AMP expressed as a percen-
tage of the basal cyclic AMP level [increase in cyclic AMP (%)]. All
data are mean ± SEM for 6 experiments. The mean basal cyclic AMP
level = 1.9 ± 0.1 pmol/10
6
cells.
Time Increase in cyclic AMP (%)
(s)
Anti-IgE (1/250) PGD
2
(10 μM) Anti-IgE (1/250)
+ PGD
2
(10 μM)
0 13.8 ± 15.7 37.3 ± 36.3 – 29.0 ± 14.7
5 29.7 ± 9.5 131.5 ± 52.8 395.4 ± 361.4
8 130.0 ± 35.4 151.5 ± 42.6 1210.5 ± 621.1
10 138.9 ± 23.7 94.3 ± 28.3 2545.0 ± 1739.7
15 195.6 ± 28.1 108.3 ± 77.1 3480.3 ± 1113.9
20 170.0 ± 49.5 176.7 ± 93.9 3811.3 ± 1029.9
30 243.3 ± 80.4 144.4 ± 91.8 4227.1 ± 1540.3
60 136.2 ± 45.4 103.1 ± 67.5 5431.7 ± 1914.1
120 34.6 ± 17.6 70.5 ± 41.8 3423.7 ± 1464.0
180 37.5 ± 12.3 36.2 ± 22.8 1426.6 ± 669.0
240 49.4 ± 11.0 41.2 ± 24.2 771.1 ± 486.4
300 26.5 ± 22.2 4.3 ± 10.2 558.2 ± 301.5