BIOSCIENCES BIOTECHNOLOGY RESEARCH ASIA, June 2021. Vol. 18(2), p. 337-345
Published by Oriental Scientific Publishing Company © 2021
This is an Open Access article licensed under a Creative Commons license: Attribution 4.0 International (CC-BY).
*Corresponding author E-mail: hilpa.chapadgaonkar@mitwpu.edu.in
Optimization of α-Amylase Production from Bacillus
Amyloliquefaciens using Taguchi method
Pankhuri Sharma
1
and Shilpa Chapadgaonkar
2
*
1
ManavRachna International Institute of Research and Studies,Faridabad, Haryana, India.
2
MIT World Peace University, Pune, Maharashtra, India.
http://dx.doi.org/10.13005/bbra/2920
(Received: 07 April 2021; accepted: 27 July 2021)
α-amylase, an enzyme of industrial importance is used extensively in food,
pharmaceutical, textile and detergent industries. Since, a substantial quantity of
α-amylase isderived from microbial sources, manipulation of bacterial strain, fermentation
conditions and media composition has a major effect on yield of enzyme. Bacillus
amyloliqifaciens, obtained from MTCC culture collection was used to study the enhancement
of a-amylase production using media concentration manipulation. Taguchi’s orthogonal array
was designed for maximization of α-amylase output. The different media components selected
as parameters to be optimized were calcium chloride, starch, tryptone, ammonium sulphate
and glucose. The concentration of starch and tryptone demonstrated to have maximum effect on
amylase production. The optimization strategy was successful in obtaining substantial increase
in amylase production of about 2 folds as compared to the unoptimized medium.
Keywords: α-amylase; Bacillus amyloliquefaciens; Enzyme Production; Fermentation;
Optimization; Taguchi method.
á-amylase (E.C. 3.2.1.1.), derived from
several sources, including plants, animals and
microorganisms, accounts for approximately 30%
of the world’s enzyme production.
1-3
Microbial
á-amylase is of immense signifcance due to its
distinct application in food, textile, detergents,
paper and pharmaceutical industries as it is more
stable as compared to plant or animal based
enzymes. Today, microbial amylases are preferred
over chemical hydrolysis of starch in most of the
starch processing industries
4
. á-amylases are endo-
amylases that cleave 1, 4-á- D-glycosidic linkages
of adjacent glucose units in linear chain of amylose
thus yield products retaining alpha- anomeric
confguration. Many studies have examined the
process of submerged fermentation for á-amylase
synthesis.
5-8
Many species of Bacillus have been
reported as excellent á-amylase producers. Because
of their high-yielding capacity, wild-type strains
of Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus subtilis and
Bacillus amyloliquefaciens are commercially
utilized for the production of á-amylase
9-10
.
Concentration of media components infuences
the yield of the enzyme, whereas practicality
and economic value of the process is infuenced