Review Article 2017, 8(10), 983-986 Advanced Materials Letters
Copyright © 2017 VBRI Press 983
Research of plastic and wood raw wastes
recovery
Peter Križan
*
, Juraj Beniak, Miloš Matúš, Ľubomír Šooš, Ľudovít Kolláth
Institute of Manufacturing Systems, Environmental Engineering and Quality Management,
Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Slovak University of Technology, Nám. Slobody 17, Bratislava, 812 31, Slovakia
*
Corresponding author: Tel: (+421) 257296537; E-mail: peter.krizan@stuba.sk
Received: 03 December 2016, Revised: 18 February 2017 and Accepted: 09 April 2017
DOI: 10.5185/amlett.2017.1587
www.vbripress.com/aml
Abstract
The main aim of this paper is to present the research findings regarding the recovery possibilities of plastic and wood raw
wastes. One of the recovery possibilities for mentioned raw materials is production of waste raw materials based wood-
plastic composites (WPC). Lonely production process is influenced by technological and raw material parameters (type of
raw material and particle size) and thus the final quality and mechanical properties of WPCs have to be determine. This paper
also presents the results of realized experimental research which dealt with the determination of relationship between material
parameters and mechanical properties during production of WPCs. The main goal of presented paper is to determine the
mutual interaction between mechanical properties, type of the plastic matrix used in WPC, wood/plastic concentration ratio
and particle size of wood sawdust used in WPC. In this paper the authors also comparing mechanical properties of WPCs
based on recycled and original plastics. As a plastic matrix 100 % original HDPE and recycled HDPE originating from lids of
PET bottles was used. Obtained research findings can be very helpful at WPCs production and shown the possibility of using
also waste raw materials for WPC products, and thus increase the environmental responsibility with the environment
protection. Copyright © 2017 VBRI Press.
Keywords: Material recovery, WPC, waste, mechanical properties, HDPE, particle size.
Introduction
There is an estimated hundreds million tons of wood and
plastic waste produced each year [1, 2]. The construction
waste is one of the largest waste streams in the EU. The
EC Waste Directive 2008/98 targets a more sustainable
construction industry, recovering a 70% (by weight) of its
non-hazardous construction waste by 2020[3]: to meet
that objective, new solutions must be found to achieve an
efficient material recovery. One of the solution should be
the wood-plastic composites (WPCs) production process
[4] which is very well known. The rising concern towards
environmental issues and, on the other hand, the need for
more polymer-based materials has led to increasing
interest about polymer composites based waste materials
[5].The wood-plastic composites (WPCs) production
process is very well known. Also, various research studies
with material and technological variables impacts on the
production are dealing with [5, 6]. WPCs are produced by
thoroughly mixing ground wood particles (sawdust) and
heated thermoplastic resin [6]. The most common method
of production is to extrude the material into the desired
shape using injection molding [7]. WPCs may be
produced from various virgin thermoplastics but
polyethylene based WPCs are by far the most common
[8]. Also, the additives such as colorants, coupling agents,
UV stabilizers, blowing agents or foaming agents are
included [7, 8]. The usual composition of WPCs based
virgin material is 60 - 65% of high-density polyethylene
(HDPE) [6], 30 % of wood sawdust without defined
granulometry, but the particle sizes up to 2 mm and the
additives according to the final application, which helps
tailor the end product to the target area of application [4].
Other hand on the base of amounts of wastes and
environment protection is using of waste or recycled
materials for WPCs production a big issue for nowadays
[6]. The general purpose of this paper is to gain the
research findings about waste recovery possibility that can
show the possibility and application for rapid prototyping
using WPCs based waste raw materials. Obtained
research findings can be very helpful at WPCs production
and shown the possibility of using also waste raw
materials for WPC products and using of such a
composites for rapid prototyping which is very interesting
issue and recovery possibility for nowadays. Taking in
mind these sources of wastes which opens such
opportunities and challenges with application of recycling
and recovery methods can be increase the environmental
responsibility with the environment protection.