© 2021 The Author(s). This article is open access Jurnal Biologi Tropis This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. Original Research Paper The Correlations of Knowledge, Attitude and Practice with Compliance in Treatment of Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients in Puskesmas Cakranegara Auliana Puji Lestari 1 , Prima Belia Fathana 1* , Wahyu Sulistya Affarah 1 1 Program Studi Pendidikan Dokter, Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Mataram, Mataram, Indonesia Article History Received : December 30 th , 2020 Revised : January 06 th , 2021 Accepted : January 16 th , 2021 Published : January 20 th , 2021 *Corresponding Author: Prima Belia Fathana, Program Studi Pendidikan Dokter, Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Mataram, Mataram, Indonesia Email: ninaalestari@gmail.com Abstract: Patient compliance refers to the suitability of behavior against treatment recommendations include timing, dose and frequency of treatment. Compliance to tuberculosis treatment was actually very complex and dynamic with various factors that interacted each other, and therefore it will influence on patient’s behavior decision. Patient who has a good compliance will increase success to his recovery. This study was carried out to determine the correlation between tuberculosis patient behavior which consists of the domain of knowledge, attitudes and practices with compliance to taking anti- tuberculosis drugs at the Puskesmas Cakranegara commencing on July to November 2020. This research was an observational analytic study using a cross sectional method. Population sample was patients who diagnosed with pulmonary tuberculosis which undergoing category 1 treatment at Puskesmas Cakranegara. The data used in the study was primary data established from interviewing patients using a questionnaire on selected Pulmonary TB patients including respondents who eligible as the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The number of samples in this study were 30 infected- people. The data obtained were analyzed using the Spearman correlation test. The correlation test of the study showed that there was no significant correlation between variable of knowledge and medication compliance (p = 0.079, r = 0.325). However, the attitude variables had a significant correlation with medication compliance (p = 0.000, r = 0.715). Similarly, the practices variable has a significant correlation to the medication compliance (p = 0.000, r = 0.656). This study found that there was no significant correlation between knowledge and compliance taking anti-tuberculosis drugs. However, it was found that there was a significant correlation between attitudes and practices with compliance to taking anti-tuberculosis drugs. Keywords: Attitude; Behavior; Compliance; Knowledge; Practice. Pendahuluan Tuberkulosis (TB) adalah salah satu penyakit menular yang masih menjadi masalah kesehatan masyarakat yang utama di seluruh dunia dengan menginfeksi sekitar seperempat dari populasi dunia. TB menjadi penyebab utama kematian setiap tahunnya dengan menginfeksi sekitar 10 juta orang dan sekitar 1,5 juta kematian terkait dengan TB dilaporkan pada tahun 2018 (WHO, 2019). Jumlah kasus TB di Indonesia yang dilaporkan pada tahun 2018 mencapai 845.000 kasus (WHO, 2019). Jumlah pasien TB pada tahun 2018 di Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Barat (NTB) mencapai 6.162 orang, dengan 4.367 orang merupakan kasus TB paru BTA (+). Case Notification Rate (CNR) yaitu jumlah kasus TB yang diobati dan dilaporkan di antara 100.000 penduduk di NTB pada tahun 2017 sebesar 134,12 dan mengalami penurunan pada tahun 2018 menjadi 123. Angka keberhasilan pengobatan penderita TB BTA (+), kasus baru di NTB pada tahun 2018 juga terjadi penurunan dibandingkan tahun 2017, yakni dari 87,75 menjadi 86,3% (Dikes NTB, 2019). Case Detection Rate (CDR) menggambarkan cakupan penemuan pasien baru BTA (+) pada wilayah tersebut. Menurut dinas kesehatan kota Mataram tahun 2019,