SUMMARY OF WORKSHOP 2G 137 1 INTRODUCTION In this workshop, UNEP introduced Guidelines and a draft Manual on Compli- ance with and Enforcement of Multilateral Environmental Agreements. The Guide- lines and Manual are designed to assist countries in implementing, complying with, and enforcing multilateral environmental agreements. The workshop showed partic- ipants how to use the checklists, case stud- ies, explanatory text, and annexes to enhance compliance and enforcement. Participants were also invited to share their own experiences of compliance with and enforcement of MEAs and provide feed- back to UNEP for improving the Manual. Following an introduction to the Manual, UNEP facilitated a discussion of the Manual. The facilitators sought specific examples and considerations relating to implementation of MEAs in the areas of: — cost-benefit analysis on becoming a Party to an MEA; — public-private partnerships; and — technology transfer. In addition, the facilitators opened the discussion for other aspects of negoti- ating, implementing, and enforcing MEAs. 2 DISCUSSION SUMMARY While the workshop discussions focused on the three themes (cost-benefit analysis, partnerships, and technology transfer), participants raised a broad series of issues and experiences that addressed the entire life cycle of MEAs. Discussions highlighted the impor- tance of involving a broad range of sectors and interests in negotiating MEAs. Future implementation may depend on many enti- ties in order to be effective and successful. By involving these entities in preparing for negotiations or during the actual negotia- tions, participants noted that it was possible to broaden the constituency supporting a particular MEA. One sector that the Manu- al could highlight more is the private sector. Private sector representatives have been incorporated into national delegations for various MEAs, including the Basel Conven- tion, the Stockholm Convention, the Rotter- dam Convention, and the Montreal Proto- col. Involving the private sector can add technical expertise to the delegation, access additional information on produc- tion aspects (e.g., of a potentially regulated substance or commodity), highlight avail- ability and feasibility of technology, and SUMMARY OF WORKSHOP 2G: COMPLIANCE WITH AND ENFORCEMENT OF MULTILATERAL ENVIRONMENTAL AGREEMENTS Facilitators: Elizabeth Mrema, United Nations Environment Programme Carl Bruch, United Nations Environment Programme Rapporteurs: Joseph Freedman, Environmental Protection Agency, United States Carl Bruch, United Nations Environment Programme GOALS This workshop had three primary goals. First, it sought to raise awareness of the UNEP Guidelines and Manual designed to facilitate implementation of multilateral environ- mental agreements (MEAs). Second, the workshop sought to identify additional best prac- tices and case studies for the Manual. Finally, the workshop provided a forum in which to discuss the next steps for improving compliance with and enforcement of MEAs.