Nurses’ perceived spiritual climate of a
hospital in Saudi Arabia
J.P. Cruz
1,2
RN, PhD , N. Alquwez
3
RN, PhD, H.M. Albaqawi
4
RN, PhD,
S.M. Alharbi
5
RN, BSN & R.C. Moreno-Lacalle
6
RN, MSN
1 Lecturer, 3 Assistant Professor, Nursing Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Shaqra University, Al Dawadmi,
Riyadh, 4 Assistant Professor, College of Nursing, University of Hail, Hail, 5 Nurse, Al-Badayea Hospital, Buraida, Al Qassim,
Saudi Arabia, 2 Visiting Assistant Professor, Graduate School, Union Christian College, San Fernando City, La Union, 6 Assistant
Professor, School of Nursing, Saint Louis University, Baguio City, Philippines
CRUZ J.P., ALQUWEZ N., ALBAQAWI H.M., ALHARBI S.M. & MORENO-LACALLE R.C. (2018)
Nurses’ perceived spiritual climate of a hospital in Saudi Arabia. International Nursing Review 00,1–8
Aim: This study investigated the spiritual climate of a hospital in Saudi Arabia as perceived by nurses.
Background: A spiritually conducive environment improves patient, nurse and organizational outcomes. Despite
being important, no studies have investigated this area in the Muslim-dominated Middle Eastern countries.
Introduction: A snapshot on the degree of spiritual climate perception may provide insight into the aspects
that may need improvement and may become basis for the creation of health and nursing policies directed
towards creating a spiritually-accepting and respecting clinical workplace.
Method: A sample of 219 nurses employed in a 500-bed capacity hospital in Saudi Arabia was included in
this cross-sectional study utilizing the spiritual climate scale.
Results: The nurses perceived their hospital’s spiritual climate to be fair. The item ‘I am encouraged to
express spirituality in this clinical area’ received the lowest mean, whereas the item ‘My spiritual views are
respected in this clinical area’ received the highest mean. Being Saudi, having less total experience as a
nurse, and having greater total experience as a nurse in Saudi Arabia and in the present hospital positively
influenced the perception of the spiritual climate among nurses.
Conclusion: The findings stress the need to improve the spiritual climate in the hospital.
Implications for nursing and nursing policy: Hospitals are recommended to create policies to implement
interventions geared towards creating a spiritually-friendly environment. Hospitals are encouraged to create a
safe place where nurses can freely express their spirituality regardless of preference or religious denomination.
Spiritual education may be provided by hospitals as part of continuing education. Managers may also focus on
the existential spirituality of nurses, especially for spiritually-sensitive environments such as Saudi Arabia.
Keywords: Clinical Areas, Nurses, Saudi Arabia, Spiritual Climate, Spirituality, Workplace Spirituality
Correspondence address: Jonas Preposi Cruz, Nursing Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Shaqra University, PO Box 1678, Al Dawadmi, 11911, Saudi
Arabia; Tel: +966506521179; E-mail: cruzjprn@gmail.com.
Funding
This research received no specific grant from any funding agency in the public, commercial or not-for-profit sectors.
Conflict of interest
No conflict of interest has been declared by the authors.
1 © 2018 International Council of Nurses
Original Article