European Journal of Economics, Finance and Administrative Sciences
ISSN 1450-2275 Issue 48 (2012)
© EuroJournals, Inc. 2012
http://www.eurojournals.com/EJEFAS.htm
An Empirical Analysis of Tax Leakages and Economic
Growth in Nigeria
Adedeji, Titilayo Olaseyitan
Department of Accounting, University of Lagos, Nigeria
Tel: +2348125151091
E-mail: floraeyi@yahoo.com
Oboh, Collins Sankay
Department of Accounting, University of Lagos, Nigeria
Tel: +234-806961340
E-mail: colsanky@yahoo.com
Abstract
The government has for the umpteenth time complained of the widespread incidence of tax
avoidance and evasion in the country as companies and other taxable persons employ
various tax avoidance devices to escape or minimize their taxes or deliberately employ
fraudulent ways and means of evading tax altogether, sometimes with the active
connivance of the tax officials. This paper empirically examined the economic implication
of tax leakages on the Nigerian economy. A survey research design was adopted and
responses were obtained through the use of a well structured questionnaire administered to
185 respondents. Findings from the empirical analysis using Kendall’s w-test and Chi-
square test statistics reveal that tax evasion and avoidance have adversely affected
economic growth and development in Nigeria, and also, that lack of good governance is the
basis for which tax leakages activities is perpetrated. The study therefore recommends that
the government should embrace and promote good governance so as to encourage
voluntary compliance of tax liability by the citizenry.
Keywords: Tax avoidance, tax evasion, economic growth and development, good
governance
1. Introduction
Plausibly, the concept of taxation has been a concern of global significance as it affects every economy
irrespective of national differences (Oboh et al., 2012). Within the context of Africa, tax, a concept as
old as mankind can be described as an amount, effort, contribution or service rendered either in kind
(i.e. goat, cow, farm produce, clearing of grass etc.) or monetary value (i.e. cash) contributed into a
common purse for the running of the society. According to Omotoso (2001), in his definition of the
modern taxes, defined tax as a compulsory charge imposed by a public authority on the income of
individuals and companies as stipulated by the government decrees, acts or cases laws irrespective of
the exact amount of services rendered to the payer in return. Thus, taxes constitute the principal source
of government revenue and the beauty of any government is for its citizen to voluntarily execute their
tax obligations without much coercion and harassment.