VOLUME -- | ISSUE - | 2021 | 1
Psychophysiological responses to competition
among university swimmers
PORTIA HEIDI MENDOZA BALITE
1
, PERCIVAL HENRY MENDOZA BALITE
2
, MARCUS JARWIN ANI
MANALO
1
, JEFFREY PAGADUAN
3 1
1
Department of Sports Science, College of Human Kinetics, University of the Philippines Diliman, Quezon
City, Philippines
2
Department of Human Kinetics, University of the Philippines – Los Baños, Laguna, Philippines
3
College of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Tasmania – Launceston Campus, Tasmania,
Australia
ABSTRACT
This study investigated anticipatory cortisol and pre-competitive anxiety of swimmers before competition.
Fifteen university swimmers volunteered to participate in the study. Salivary cortisol and Competitive State
Anxiety Inventory-2 (CSAI-2R) were collected six days (6d) and two hours (2h) before competition. Results
revealed higher somatic anxiety 2h compared to 6d prior to competition. No differences were observed in
cortisol, cognitive anxiety, and self-confidence. Thus, somatic anxiety of swimmers increase in response to
competition.
Keywords: Anticipatory cortisol; Anxiety; Athletic performance; Swimmers.
1
Corresponding author. College of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Tasmania – Launceston Campus,
Tasmania, Australia.
E-mail: jcpagaduan@gmail.com
Submitted for publication September 07, 2020
Accepted for publication November 09, 2020
Published in press January 26, 2021
JOURNAL OF HUMAN SPORT & EXERCISE ISSN 1988-5202
© Faculty of Education. University of Alicante
doi:10.14198/jhse.2022.174.07
Original Article
Cite this article as:
Balite, P.H.M., Balite, P.H.M., Manalo, M.J.A., & Pagaduan, J. (2021). Psychophysiological responses to
competition among university swimmers. Journal of Human Sport and Exercise, in press.
doi:https://doi.org/10.14198/jhse.2022.174.07