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Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies 2015; 3(6): 316-320
E-ISSN: 2320-7078
P-ISSN: 2349-6800
JEZS 2015; 3(6): 316-320
© 2015 JEZS
Received: 07-10-2015
Accepted: 12-11-2015
Abdel Raheem MA
Pests and Plant Protection
Department, Agricultural &
Biological Research Division,
National Research Centre, 33rd
ElBohouth St. – Dokki, Giza -
Egypt.
IA Ismail
Pests and Plant Protection
Department, Agricultural &
Biological Research Division,
National Research Centre, 33rd
ElBohouth St. – Dokki, Giza -
Egypt.
RS Abdel Rahman
Pests and Plant Protection
Department, Agricultural &
Biological Research Division,
National Research Centre, 33rd
ElBohouth St. – Dokki, Giza -
Egypt.
NA Farag
Pests and Plant Protection
Department, Agricultural &
Biological Research Division,
National Research Centre, 33rd
ElBohouth St. – Dokki, Giza -
Egypt.
IE Abdel Rhman
Department of Plant Protection,
Faculty of Agriculture, Al-Azhar
Univ. Egypt.
Correspondence
Abdel-Raheem MA
Assoc. Prof. Abdel-Raheem,
M.A., Pests and Plant Protection
Department, Agricultural &
Biological Research Division,
National Research Centre. 33
rd
ElBohouth St. - Dokki, Giza,
Egypt.
Entomopathogenic fungi, Beauveria bassiana (Bals.)
and Metarhizium anisopliae (Metsch.) As biological
control agents on some stored product insects
Abdel-Raheem MA, IA Ismail, RS Abdel Rahman, NA Farag, IE Abdel
Rhman
Abstract
The present work was evaluation of the efficacy of the entomopathogenic fungi, Beauveria bassiana and
Metarhizium anisopliae on Rhyzopertha dominica, Sitophilus oryzae and Oryzaephilus surinamensis.
Each insect species was treated with formulated fungi B. bassiana and M. anisopliae at the
concentrations of 0.12 x 10
6
conidia /g, 0.22 x 10
6
conidia /g, 0.32 x 10
6
conidia / g, and 0.42 x 10
6
conidia /g. M. anisopliae was more effective against tested insects than B. bassiana. Four concentrations
of B. bassiana were tested against R. dominica, S. oryzae and O. surinamensis. LC50 were 1.2 x 10
5
conidia / g, 1.6 x 10
5
conidia / g and 1.4 x 10
5
conidia / g, respectively. The same concentrations M.
anisopliae were tested against R. dominica, S. oryzae and O. surinamensis. LC50 were 2.7 x 10
5
conidia /
g, 1.3 x 10
5
conidia / g, and 3.5 x 10
5
conidia / g, respectively.
Keywords: Beauveria bassiana, Metarhizium anisopliae, Stored Product, Control.
1. Introduction
Almost, all stored grains are subjected to be attacked by pests causing damage to stored
[1]
. It
has been estimated that during storage 10 – 25 % of the worldwide grain crops are lost yearly
mostly because of pests infestation. Losses caused by insects include not only the direct
feeding damage resulting in loss of weight, but they also severely reduce nutrients, lowering
percentage of seeds germination, reducing grade and lowering their marketing value due to
accumulation of waste, webbing and insect cadavers. The favorable climatic conditions and
relatively poor storage system in Egypt are in favor of increase and development of these
pests, resulting in considerable crop losses. The rice weevil, Sitophilus oryzae (L.)
(Coleoptera: Curculionidae), the lesser grain borer Rhyzopertha dominica (F.) (Coleoptera:
Bostrichidae) the sawtoothed grain beetle, Oryzaephilus surinamensis (L.)(Coleoptera:
Silvanidae), and cowpea weevil, Callosobruchus maculates F. (Coleoptera: Bruchidae) are
among the most destructive pests of stored grain and seeds in the tropics
[2]
. Use of pesticides
is one of the means for preventing some loss during storage. It causes problem such as;
insecticide resistance, chemical residues in food stuffs, increasing cost, and environmental
pollution
[3]
.
Therefore, it is necessary to find out safer alternative control strategies such as use of
microbial control agents against stored –product insect pests. Using fungi and selected
insecticides can potentially reduce the use of chemical insecticides and subsequently their
residues and side effects in agriculture. Beauveria bassiana and Metarhizium anisopliae are
naturally occurring entomopathogenic fungi with a wide host range
[4]
. Several studies have
shown the effectiveness of B. bassiana and M. anisopliae for controlling the stored products
pests such as; S. oryzae, R. dominica, A. desobtectus, C. maculates and T. castaneum
[5-21]
. B.
bassiana and M. anisopliae were isolated from different insect hosts in Egypt
[22, 23]
. However,
a variety of factors may determine or influence the host range and specificity of fungal
pathogens. These include fungal strain, hosts physiological state, nutrition, defense
mechanism, cuticle and epicuticular microorganisms
[24]
. Used entomopathogenic fungi to
control Tuta absoluta and Cassida vittata Vill. The pathogen B. bassiana gave the highest
effect on larval phase of T. absoluta during the evaluation time and similar to the effect of M.
anisopliae followed by the effect of Verticillium lecanii
[24, 25]
.
The aim of the present work was evaluation of the efficacy of the entomopathogenic fungi, B.
bassiana and M. anisopliae on Rhyzopertha dominica, Sitophilus oryzae and Oryzaephilus
surinamensis.