Research Article
Integrating In Silico and In Vitro Approaches to Screen the
Antidiabetic Properties from Tabernaemontana divaricata
(Jasmine) Flowers
Saima Muzammil ,
1
Rahat Andleeb,
2
Sumreen Hayat,
1
Muhammad Umar Ijaz,
3
Asma Ashraf ,
2
Nimrah Zafar,
2
Shabana Naz,
2
and Mubashera Shaheen
2
1
Department of Microbiology, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
2
Department of Zoology, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
3
Department of Zoology, Wildlife and Fisheries, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
Correspondence should be addressed to Asma Ashraf; asmabinm@gmail.com
Received 17 January 2022; Revised 28 February 2022; Accepted 17 March 2022; Published 31 May 2022
Academic Editor: Fernanda Tonelli
Copyright © 2022 Saima Muzammil et al. is is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution
License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is
properly cited.
e purpose of this study was to assess different in vitro biological activities such as phytochemical constituents, enzymatic
antioxidant status, cytotoxicity through hemolytic activity, and antidiabetic potential of plant methanolic extract through glucose
uptake by yeast cells. Further, using in silico approach by the SwissADME technique the drug-likeness rules for bioactive
components were characterized, while potential interactions were identified via molecular docking of a ligand with target proteins
by GOLD 5.3.0. e results showed that T. divaricata was rich in TPC and TFC, i.e., 62.32 ± 4.02 and 24.53 ± 0.61, respectively, and
the cytotoxic potential was 10% towards human RBCs, while protein estimation revealed the presence of protein in the extract,
which was 22.82 ± 4.6. DPPH assay in comparison with ascorbic acid and several enzymatic assays, such as CAT, SOD, and POD,
showed maximum antioxidant potential, i.e.,15.9 ± 2.33%, 65.57 ± 13.4%, 3.02 ± 3.4, 15.87 ± 0.5, and 0.74 ± 0.2, respectively.
Glucose uptake by yeast cells, i.e., α-amylase and α-glucosidase, showed a maximum antidiabetic potential such as 75.11 ± 1.44%,
41.81 ± 3.75%, and 35.9 ± 1.24%, respectively. Our results indicate that the methanolic extract of T. divaricata has antioxidant
potential and inhibits α-amylase and α-glucosidase activity and possesses maximum antidiabetic potential. e results provide
scientific proof that the medicinal plant being studied is a powerful source of natural antioxidant, antidiabetic, and medicinally
significant substances. In silico study, using a molecular docking, unveiled that two compounds showed good interactions with
5kzw protein with considerable binding affinities and fulfilled docking parameters. It may conclude that T. divaricata is an
important vegetable with a potent source of natural antioxidants and antidiabetic activity justifying its traditional use in
green therapeutics.
1. Introduction
Diabetes is a metabolic disorder characterized by a high level
of glucose in the bloodstream triggered by inadequate in-
sulin output or insulin activity [1]. Diabetes is a dynamic
chronic disease needing ongoing medical care with harm
reduction approaches within glycemic control [2]. Polyuria,
polydipsia, dry mouth, itchy skin, blurry vision, nausea, and
exhaustion are the typical physical symptoms of DM [3].
Diabetes accounts for over 3.8 million deaths annually and is
therefore the fifth leading cause of mortality [4]. is disease
is becoming disastrously underdeveloped (low-income)
countries [5]. Pakistan is amongst the ten countries that are
expected to have high figures of people with diabetes by 2030
[6].
Diabetes increases the risk of several health problems
and has a severe effect on the eye, kidney, foot, blood
pressure, etc. [2]. α-Amylase involves the starch hydrolysis
into the small scraps of sugar [7]. During diabetes, ROS are
induced and cause β-cell glucose toxicity [8]. Cytotoxic
Hindawi
Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine
Volume 2022, Article ID 4616815, 17 pages
https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/4616815