Validation of Urban Community Survey
Regarding Pandemic Flu Influenza A (H1N1)
Using Rasch Measurement Tools
Izni Syamsina Saari
Universiti Teknologi MARA Melaka, Malaysia
Email: izni_syamsina@melaka.uitm.edu.my
Zamalia Mahmud and Nik Nairan Abdullah
Universiti Teknologi MARA Shah Alam, Malaysia
Email: zamalia@tmsk.uitm.edu.my
Abstract This has made an attempt to apply the Rasch
measurement model in the field of health sciences to validate the
response behavioural patterns of local urban community
regarding the risk of Pandemic Flu, Influenza A (H1N1). The
treatment effectiveness, knowledge, perceived risk, attitude and
preventive practices towards HINI. Following this is the
investigation of the nature of associations between the binary
response patterns (knowledge) and the selected explanatory
variables in the study (age, education status, effectiveness,
perceived risk and preventive practices towards H1N1). The
study used secondary survey data provided by the Department of
Population Health and Preventive Medicine (PHPM), Faculty of
Medicine, UiTM Shah Alam which were collected from
communities residing at two different locations in Selangor,
Malaysia. Results from the study show that community with
different characteristics or background to some extent have
provided true responses displaying moderate degree of
knowledge and awareness towards the risk of H1N1. Significant
association between knowledge and education status has also
been detected.
Index Terms: Risk of Influenza A (H1N1), Knowledge, Awareness,
Response behaviour, Rasch measurement model, Logistic
Regression Model
I. INTRODUCTION
commonly known as pandemic influenza A (H1N1) [1] is the
population [2]. According to World Health Organization
(WHO), it started infecting humans in Mexico and spread
rapidly into several countries throughout the world. Malaysia
is no exception where the first pandemic wave occurred
between April and September, 2009. During that time, there
was a wide coverage in the mass media on the government
efforts and practices on how to control the transmission of
pandemic influenza A (H1N1) [1]. The pandemic flu is of
great concern to the world community particularly in Malaysia
because the public may not be very receptive towards the
extent of danger of this disease. Due to the possibility of
pandemic influenza A H1N1, majority of the population had
taken no action to change their lifestyle [3].
During an infectious Influenza A (H1N1) virus outbreak,
personal preventive behaviors are very crucial and any
individual should take responsibility for helping control
emerging infectious diseases since the disease could spread
widely in the community [4]. Effort has been made by several
parties including a recent study by [5] which looked at the
the extent of public truthful perception towards the Pandemic
Flu is yet to be investigated. Hence, this would be the focus of
the present study in which public responses towards the items
of measurement shall be investigated for its validity and
reliability using the Rasch measurement tools.
II. LITERATURE REVIEW
A.
Influenza A (H1N1)
It is crucial for individuals to have a good and correct
knowledge as it will influence on both attitudes and practices
in order to reduce the risk of getting A (H1N1). On the other
hand, attitude may not be translated into behavioral changes
without sufficient knowledge [6]. Eventhough there is a
reduction of H1N1 transmission, education of health is still
required [7].
Worldwide, the disease of pandemic A (H1N1) and its
spread was increasing rapidly, few of respondents believed
they were at high to very high risk of getting A (H1N1). Risk
perceptions means perceived seriousness of health treats [8].
In previous study, [9] found perception of risk influences the
community behavioral response regarding pandemic influenza.
Education status may also play a role on the choice of
source for information regarding H1N1. The lower education
group preferred television as a source of information and
JOURNAL OF EMERGING TECHNOLOGIES IN WEB INTELLIGENCE, VOL. 5, NO. 2, MAY 2013 143
© 2013 ACADEMY PUBLISHER
doi:10.4304/jetwi.5.2.143-150