Copyright © 2018 Ahmed Jasim Sultan, Falah Noori Saeed. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. International Journal of Engineering & Technology, 7 (3) (2018) 1446-1452 International Journal of Engineering & Technology Website: www.sciencepubco.com/index.php/IJET doi: 10.14419/ijet.v7i3.13076 Research paper AGC of multi area power system based PSO under deregulated conditions Falah Noori Saeed 1 , Ahmed Jasim Sultan 1 * 1 Asst. prof. Department of Electrical Power Engineering Techniques, Electrical Engineering Technical college, Middle Technical University *Corresponding author E-mail: ahmedjasim80@yahoo.com Abstract In This research PIDF (Proportional Integral Derivative with Filter) is suggested to control the ACE (area control error) signal of auto- matic generation control circuit (AGC) for two-area multi units system under deregulated conditions, each area consist of two thermal reheat units with physical GRC (generating rate constrain). The parameters of the PIDF controller are tuned using PSO (particle swarm optimization) technique. To improve the system performance, Redox Flow Batteries (RFB) is presented in one area and one of FACTS components IPFC (Inter Line Power Flow Controller) is installed in tie line. The performance of the proposed controller is assessed un- der different working conditions of deregulated power market. Finally, a comparison will be made on the system response when testing with varying the load conditions and system parameter through MATLAB environment 2015Rb. Keywords: PIDF (Proportional Integral Derivative Filter); ACE (Area Control Error); GRC (Generation Rate Constraint); RFB (Redox Flow Batteries); IPFC (Inter Power Flow Controller); DPM (Distribution Participation Matrix); PSO (Particle Swarm Optimization). 1. Introduction The continuous change in the structure of power system and the entry of renewable energy sources into the network, have made it the most important challenge to maintain a perfect balance be- tween the load demands and the amount of energy generation [1]. The main purpose of AGC is to preserve a constant balance be- tween the load demand and energy generated, also in order to maintain the stability of power flow in the tie line between multi areas within the acceptable limits and reach to the better power flow control. The electrical grid consist of (generation, transmission and distri- bution) may be managed by a single reference, which feeds con- sumers at regular rates under established plans and control sys- tems. In an open energy market, generation companies may be involved in the process of controlling the generation, on the other hand distribution companies may contract with generating compa- nies or other independent sources of energy for the transfer of power between various areas [2]. FACTS controllers [3] Have an important and effective role in controlling the transfer of power between different areas and maintaining system stability as well as rising the portability of power transfer by compensating the network with inductive or reactive power, there are some research that have used one of these equipment to obtain the perfect control system and achieve optimal stability. The IPFC favourites on UPFC (unified power flow controller) for compensating multi line and introduce good power flow control [4-5]. In order to eliminate the AGC problem during peak load period on grid, it has needful to place a secondary exporter and available energy source to feed the additional loads required and improve the generation control problem such as battery systems [6-9]. RFB (redox flow batteries) have many advantages in applications that need high capacity and long charging storage, which act as a fast power supply as well as helping to dampen frequency fluctua- tions[10], [11]. Various research papers around the world have proposed different techniques to control generation in such systems to reduce the frequency deviation, control the amount of power transmitted in the connecting lines, and keep them within the permissible limits. In [1], the researchers dealt with the design of AGC circuit for two-area multi thermal units under deregulated environment using PIDF, the parameters of proposed controller is tuned by using DE (Differential Evaluation) technique. Authors, V. Donde, et al. [12] discuss the analysis of AGC prob- lem for two-area also investigate the concept of generation and distribution companies and their participation in the control of generation. Chidambaram et al. [13] have suggest BFO (Bacterial Foraging Optimization) algorithm to tune the integral gain of AGC for multi-unit system under deregulated construction with (RFP) and (IPFC). Newly in [14] K.P. Singh Parmar et al. have discuss multi area – multi unit in deregulated environment with use various type of unit (reheat thermal, hydro and gas). By looking at the various researches and studies in this field, we observe that the power system performance relies on the type of technique used to find the controller parameters used. In this paper we will use the (PIDF) controller to control the ACE signal , be- cause it's very simply structural and better in terms of performance and cost. PSO technique will use to tune PIDF parameters ( K P ,K i ,K d ,N ). Also, in order to improve the system perfor- mance IPFC will be connects in series with the power transfer lines between areas and RFB is used in one area. All parameters for the system used in this research are identical to the data and the structured system used in [1].