UNCORRECTED PROOF 1 New generation Amberlite XAD resin for the removal of metal 2 ions: A review 3 Q18 Akil Ahmad 1, ⁎ , Jamal Akhter Siddique 2 , Mohammad Asaduddin Laskar 3 , Rajeev Kumar 4 , 4 Siti Hamidah Mohd-Setapar 1, ⁎ , Asma Khatoon 1 , Rayees Ahmad Shiekh 5 5 1. Centre of Lipids Engineering & Applied Research (CLEAR), Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 UTM Johor 6 Bahru, Johor, Malaysia. E-mail: akilchem@yahoo.com 7 2. Department of Materials Engineering and Chemistry, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Czech Technical University, Prague, Thakurova-716629, 8 Czech Republic 9 3. Department of Chemistry, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia 10 4. Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Meteorology, Environment and Arid Land Agriculture, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, 11 Saudi Arabia 12 5. Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Taibah University, PO Box 30002, Al Madinah Al Munawarrah, Saudi Arabia 13 15 ARTICLE INFO 16 ABSTRACT 17 Article history: 18 Received 9 July 2014 19 Revised 31 October 2014 20 Accepted 1 December 2014 21 Available online xxxx 22 The direct determination of toxic metal ions, in environmental samples, is difficult because of 23 the latter's presence in trace concentration in association with complex matrices, thereby 24 leading to insufficient sensitivity and selectivity of the methods used. The simultaneous 25 removal of the matrix and preconcentration of the metal ions, through solid phase extraction, 26 serves as the promising solution. The mechanism involved in solid phase extraction (SPE) 27 depends on the nature of the sorbent and analyte. Thus, SPE is carried out by means of 28 adsorption, ion exchange, chelation, ion pair formation, and so forth. As polymeric supports, the 29 commercially available Amberlite resins have been found very promising for designing chelating 30 matrices due to its good physical and chemical properties such as porosity, high surface area, 31 durability and purity. This review presents an overview of the various works done on the 32 modification of Amberlite Q19 XAD resins with the objective of making it an efficient sorbent. The 33 methods of modifications which are generally based on simple impregnation, sorption as 34 chelates and chemical bonding have Q20 been discussed. The reported results, including the 35 preconcentration limit, the detection limit, sorption capacity, preconcentration factors etc., have 36 been reproduced. 37 © 2015 The Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences. 38 Published by Elsevier B.V. 39 Keywords: 40 Amberlite XAD 41 Toxic metals 42 Chelating resin 43 Preconcentration 44 Sorption capacity 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 Contents 52 Introduction ............................................................ 0 53 1. Amberlite XAD-resin ..................................................... 0 54 1.1. Nascent polymeric resins as sorbent ......................................... 0 55 1.2. Modification of nascent polymeric resins ...................................... 0 56 2. Amberlite XAD-2 ....................................................... 0 JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES XX (2015) XXX – XXX ⁎ Corresponding author. E-mail: sitihamidah@cheme.utm.my (Siti Hamidah Mohd-Setapar). http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jes.2014.12.008 1001-0742/© 2015 The Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences. Published by Elsevier B.V. Available online at www.sciencedirect.com ScienceDirect www.journals.elsevier.com/journal-of-environmental-sciences JES-00274; No of Pages 20 Please cite this article as: Ahmad, A., et al., New generation Amberlite XAD resin for the removal of metal ions: A review, J. Environ. Sci. (2015), http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jes.2014.12.008