2668 Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology, October-December 2020, Vol. 14, No. 4 Assessment of Patients’ Perception of Mechanical Ventilation (Endotracheal Tube) and Intensive Care Unit Post Cardiac Surgery Khalida Alwan Mansour 1 , Bassima Amir Naji 2 , Bushra Khairullah Khanjar 3 1 Prof., Dr., Department of Adult Nursing, College of Nursing, University of Baghdad, Iraq, 2 Assist. Lecture, University of Baghdad/ Nursing College/ Iraq, 3 Lecture Dr., Department of Adult Nursing, College of Nursing, University of Baghdad, Iraq Abstract Background: Treatment and mechanical ventilation in the intensive care unit may get a variety of physical and psychological discomfort for patients. Objectives: To assess the perception of patients about the intensive care unit (ICU) and stressful experiences about mechanical ventilation in ICU. And identify an association between patient perceptions with demographic characteristics. Methodology: a descriptive study (cross-sectional study) for the purposive sample of 80 patients of post- cardiac surgery (hospitalized) in Ibn Albetar and Iraqi Center of Heart Disease (Gaze AL-Hariri hospital). Data were analyzed to achieve the goal of the study have been a questionnaire prepared according to the literature review, it is composed of 3 parts, frst part demographic data and, the information related ICU, the second parts, stressful experiences of adult patients who received mechanical ventilation (Endotracheal tube) (ETT) at ICU, and third parts, patient perception related to the environment at ICU. The validity of the questionnaire through a number of experts in the college of the nursing university in Baghdad. Results: The study showed (47.5%) of the sample was within (50-59) years, 25% of them from primary school or less, (85%) of them the residence area was urban, the study showed that the high percentage (62.5%) of the cardiac surgery patient was the moderate level of stressful experience during mechanical ventilation (Endotracheal tube) (ETT) at intensive car unite (ICU) while only (10%) of patients with a low-level of stressful experiences. The results also showed the majority (90 %) of patients with a moderate level of the perception of patients of the intensive care unit. Conclusions: The majority of cardiac surgery patients where moderate levels of perception of mechanical ventilation (Endotracheal tube) (ETT) and of the ICU. Keywords: intensive care unit; mechanical ventilation; endotracheal tube; patient stress experiences. Introduction The Intensive Care Unit ICUs are the environments a generate stress, where patients experience disruption of sleep-wake patterns, lack of contact with family and friends, in addition to the several clinical procedures that cause patients to experience different types of physical and psychological discomfort. The most stressed events for the family members were fearful of the clinical state of the patient, length of hospital stay, and witness the patients in a coma. 5,11 . Many studies and literatures assess the stressful factors in the ICU with the application of environmental stressors .questionnaire (ESQ), with 50 items, reporting satisfactory reliability. Convergent validity was confrmed by a strong magnitude correlation between the total score of the version of the ESQ and the generic stress measurement score. Therefore, the Brazilian version of the ESQ is a reliable and valid instrument to assess stressors in