Diagnostics 2022, 12, 380. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics12020380 www.mdpi.com/journal/diagnostics Article Root Resorptions on Adjacent Teeth Associated with Impacted Maxillary Canines Sanja Simić 1, *, Predrag Nikolić 2 , Jelena Stanišić Zindović 1 , Radovan Jovanović 1 , Ivana Stošović Kalezić 1 , Aleksandar Djordjević 1 and Vesna Popov 3 1 Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Priština in Kosovska Mitrovica, 38220 Kosovska Mitrovica, Serbia; jelena.stanisic@med.pr.ac.rs (J.S.Z.); radovan.jovanovic@med.pr.ac.rs (R.J.); ivana.stosovic@med.pr.ac.rs (I.S.K.); aleksandar.djordjevic@med.pr.ac.rs (A.D.) 2 Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; predrag.nikolic@stomf.bg.ac.rs 3 Orthodontic Associates Baltimore, Catonsville, MD 21228, USA; vesnapopov77@gmail.com * Correspondence: sanja.fajertag@med.pr.ac.rs; Tel.: +381‐644570404 Abstract: Aim: Through the use of CBCT images, many unidentified features of impacted canines can be easily resolved. The potential collision of impacted maxillary canines and adjacent teeth could lead to root resorption (RR). The aim of this study is to examine the prevalence, location and severity of RR on adjacent teeth caused by impacted maxillary canines and the association between the adjacent teeth and the features of maxillary impacted canines on CBCT. Methods: This study examined 89 subjects with 108 maxillary impacted canines, having had no previous orthodontic treatment (mean age: 18.3 ± 4.1 years). The following impacted‐canine‐related parameters were an‐ alyzed on the CBCT images: location; RR levels on adjacent teeth; occlusal line and midline distances of impacted canines; and the angulations of impacted canines to the midline, lateral incisor and occlusal line. Logistic regression was used to evaluate the association between RR and the measured parameters on CBCT. Results: In this study, we found that the majority of our patients with im‐ pacted maxillary canines were female (62.5%). Of the total 108 maxillary impacted canines, 60.2% resorbed the adjacent teeth of the affected quadrants. Lateral incisors were the most affected (34.3%). The mean age of subjects with RR was 16.7 ± 3.5 years. The frequency of RR was statistically signif‐ icantly higher in female subjects (40.4%). Slight RR was the most frequent (30.5%) and the highest incidence noted at the apical third of the root (29.6%). Regarding the impacted maxillary canine angulation to the midline and adjacent tooth, higher values of angulation caused severe forms of RR (p < 0.05). Conclusion: The sensitivity of CBCT allows for the accurate diagnosis of the location and the degree of RR, alongside the angulation and distance of impacted canines to adjacent teeth. The association between the linear and angular features of the impacted maxillary canines and RR was confirmed. Keywords: impaction; maxillary canine; root resorption; CBCT 1. Introduction The maxillary canines are the second most frequently impacted teeth after the third molars, with general prevalence rates from 1 to 3% [1,2]. However, in comparison with the third molar, the maxillary canines are located in a highly demanding area, both in function and aesthetics [3]. The potential collision of impacted maxillary canines and adjacent teeth could lead to root resorption (RR). RR is a relatively common phenomenon, defined as the progres‐ sive loss of cementum and dentine of the affected teeth, resulting in permanent tooth root. Due to a general lack of symptoms, the RR of permanent teeth caused by impacted canine Citation: Simić, S.; Nikolić, P.; Stanišić Zindović, J.; Jovanović, R.; Stošović Kalezić, I.; Djordjević, A.; Popov, V. Root Resorptions on Adjacent Teeth Associated with Impacted Maxillary Canines. Diagnostics 2022, 12, 380. https://doi.org/10.3390/ diagnostics12020380 Academic Editor: Daniel Fried Received: 29 November 2021 Accepted: 26 January 2022 Published: 1 February 2022 Publisher’s Note: MDPI stays neu‐ tral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institu‐ tional affiliations. Copyright: © 2022 by the authors. Li‐ censee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and con‐ ditions of the Creative Commons At‐ tribution (CC BY) license (https://cre‐ ativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).