International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 09 Issue: 06 | Jun 2022 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072
© 2022, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.529 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 2898
Solar energy based blockchain enabled health care monitoring using
IoT
Rishabh Khabya
1
, Shruti Goel
2
, Dr. Mangal Singh
3
1-3
Dept. of Electronics & Communication Engineering, Institute of technology, Nirma University, Gujarat, India
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Abstract - The Internet of Things (IoT) tends to transform
our lives and make it more comfortable is an auspicious
technology in which the heterogeneous devices having
embedded sensors are connected to a single platform and
these devices can then interact with each other. As the demand
for IoT is increasing there is a need to connect enormous
number of smart devices with each other. One of the major
applications of IoT is smart health care. It involves numerous
health sensors which collect data and transfer it to clouds. This
requires huge amount of data to be transferred between
devices, large connectivity, high security, and privacy. Another
thing is all these sensing devices have limited lifetime. So, there
is a need to provide constant power supply to all the IoT
devices. Also, the demand for energy has increased
exponentially and to satisfy our wants non-renewable
resources are being sacrificed. These number of challenges are
needed to be considered to complete our vision of global
connectivity using IoT. So, to overcome all these challenges we
have proposed a method in which solar energy is used to
provide power supply to the sensors and for ensuring security
of data blockchain can be used. In this paper we are
measuring the body temperature using DHT11 sensor and
heart rate using Pulse meter sensor. Then we have interfaced
the NodeMCU and sensors with the IoT platform. In our case
we have used the Thingspeak as our IoT platform. The data of
each sensor has been uploaded on the field of our channel with
every time stamp. So that user as well as doctor can see the
condition of the patient. For ensuring security of data, we have
proposed one block diagram which shows how blockchain can
be used for storing data. Also, the power supply is given to
NodeMCU through energy generated by solar panel.
Key Words: IoT, Solar energy, Blockchain Technology
1. INTRODUCTION
Rural health is the main issue in India, especially in
developing countries where there is a broad urban disparity
in the provision of medical care, where there are more than
half a percentage of the population in rural areas. In rural
areas, the infrastructure is inadequate and inadequate. In
these areas. In these areas. Furthermore, diagnostic
equipment is set up and maintained costly and demanding.
Most people die of preventable diseases such as diarrhea,
which are curable, the typhoid and measles. The number of
people without essential access is about 1.7 billion in
medicines. In the rural health sector, the major problems are
low wages, lack of education and restricted access to
services by village people. Several other innovations to map
the vital signs of the human body were created in the last
decade. Vital signs are the body's most calculated functions
of profound significance. The four key indicators that
medical practitioners and health professionals regularly
track are body temperature, pulsation, respiration, rate,
Blood pressure, saturation level of blood oxygen.
With the increase in technological advancements in today’s
era healthcare has also seen a rapid transformation from
traditional hospitals to distributed patient centric approach.
This became possible due to emerging technologies like IoT,
communication technologies and blockchain etc. IoT is the
connection of devices to a single platform i.e., internet. IoT
has made human’s life easier and comfortable. IoT has in
recent decades gained so much attention due to its
widespread applications. Some of the applications where IoT
find its use are smart healthcare, smart city, smart industry
etc. Healthcare is one of the most fundamental needs of any
human being. So, there is a constant focus by every country
on providing the best healthcare facilities to every citizen.
Due to this smart healthcare is gaining more attention
because with the help of IoT treatment can be given to
patient every time, anytime and anywhere. In one study it
was said that 27% of the total deaths happen in India with
no medical attention at the time of death. According to the
Lancet Medical journal 3.6 million deaths took place all over
the world due to lack of healthcare access. There are villages
where people still don’t have access to healthcare facilities.
People must rush to cities for their treatment and going for
check up to a city every 3-4 months incurs huge cost. In this
technological world there are situations where people die
because for getting treatment from a medical specialist, they
must travel long distances. But the emerging technology like
IoT have helped in overcoming this limitation. For example,
if a person lives in a village and he is suffering from diabetes
then he doesn’t need to travel to city every time for his
check-up. Sensor can be used to measure patient’s sugar
level and this data can be transmitted to cloud where doctor
can have access to this data. And if in case any emergency
arises the patient can be alerted, and preventive measures
can be taken. Now the problem is the patient’s data is highly
sensitive and the sensors used have limited battery lifespan.
So, to overcome these challenges in this paper we have
proposed a method in which blockchain technology and
solar energy can be used. In case of blockchain technology
cryptographic function is used to ensure the security of data.
Person connected to blockchain network can only access the