International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056 Volume: 09 Issue: 06 | June 2022 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072 © 2022, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.529 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 3133 Study of Lubricating Oil Deterioration Using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy Pooja Nand 1 , Nitish Kumar Sah 2 , Manoj Kumar 3 1,2 M.Tech Scholar, Mechanical Engineering Department, BIT Sindri, Jharkhand, India 3 Professor, Mechanical Engineering Department, BIT Sindri, Jharkhand, India ------------------------------------------------------------------------***----------------------------------------------------------------------- Abstract: Lubrication controls the friction and wear between moving surfaces in contact, by the introduction of a friction-reducing film. It can be a Solid, fluid, or plastic substance. All types of lubricants are susceptible to degradation while in use and depending upon the engine oil condition, it should be changed after certain interval of time. Viscosity of lubricating oil is the detrimental property to define the oil characteristics after hours of running of an engine. Analytical methods for the analysis of lubricating oil such measuring viscosity, TAN/TBN takes much time and not so accurate results are obtained, also large amount of lubricating oil is used in this viscosity measurement method. In the present work, Engine oil used was multi grade SAE 15 W 40 from a Generator set provides power to E-1400-16 drilling rig used for land drilling rigs for oil rig applications in Oil & Natural Gas Corporation (ONGC). Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy is used for the analysis of oil. Viscosity of the lubricants were found by Stabinger Viscometer at 20º C. Correlation between viscosity and percentage transmittance were created to find out which compound is more responsible for the degradation of oil. A trend line equation was generated at a selected peak to know the viscosity value at the corresponding value of percentage transmittance. Advantage of FTIR is, it’s running cost is less as no additional chemical are required to get the spectra. Keywords: Lubricant, FTIR, Viscosity, Transmittance 1.INTRODUCTION Lubricants create thin film between moving surface in contact due to which function and wear of engine can be controlled and life of engine is prolonged. Lubricants can be used in any form such as fluid or solid. Lubricating oil has large number of products which can be classified on the basis of base chemical and additives. Generally lubricating oil are belonging to either mineral based or synthetic. Constituents of petroleum based lubricating oils are 80-90 % of petroleum hydrocarbon and 10-20% of additives. All internal combustion engine is preserved from wear and corrosion because of this petroleum based lubricating oils. The substance which plays main role in increasing the equipment life and improves the working of lubricating oil is additives, which is used for refinement of the anti- friction, chemical and physical properties of the base oil (minerals, synthetic, vegetable or animal) [1].There are various types of lubricating additives such as friction modifiers which reduces coefficient of friction due to which less fuel is consumed (some of them are graphite, molybdenum disulfide, boron nitride, tungsten disulfide, PTFE). Various properties of lubricating oil are higher viscosity, thermal stability, demulsibility, hydraulic stability, corrosion prevention, high boiling point and low freezing point and high resistance to corrosion [3]. The property of lubricating oil for the center of attention in this research is viscosity. Viscosity is due to inter molecular interaction. This property of lubricating oil is affected by oxidation, nitration and formation of various other compounds which changes the composition of lubricating oil after long hour of running. Due to these changes in composition, the quality of lubricating oil changes[4]. FTIR spectroscopy is used to give the percentage of transmittance for various functional groups at different hours of running. FTIR is widely used in many industries for monitoring degradation, contaminants and additives levels in lubricants of various working lubricating oil. So, we could know that when the oil needs to be changed to prevent the engine from damage and increases its life. 2.PROPOSED METHOD In the present work, it is proposed to analyses the viscosity of lubricating oil using Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. FTIR spectroscopy of sample gives the relation between percentage transmittance and wave number. The prominent peaks in the graph would be selected on the basis of available research literature. The major cause of oil degradation could be defined from correlation developed between transmittance of running use of the lubricating oil and viscosity. A trend line equation would be generated between viscosity and percentage transmittance value of FTIR spectra.