International Journal of Innovative Technology and Exploring Engineering (IJITEE)
ISSN: 2278-3075, Volume-9 Issue-3, January 2020
2806
Published By:
Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering
& Sciences Publication
Retrieval Number: C9217019320/2020©BEIESP
DOI: 10.35940/ijitee.C9217.019320
Abstract: Bio pad wound dressing is one of the current material
in wound healing technology. This aim of this paper is to study the
effects of dimethicone cross polymer on the biomaterial and to
investigate the mechanical properties of the bio pad by the
integration of experimental and numerical approach. In vitro
uniaxial tensile test was performed to compute the stress-stretch
response of the materials using ASTM D412 standard. The
determination of material constants for the materials via
numerical approach can be done by comparing with two hyper
elastic constitutive models (Ogden and Neo-Hookean). The results
show that Ogden’s exponent and coefficient for the subject
estimated to be (μ = 0.434 MPa, α = 1.299) for Sample 1, (μ =
0.428 MPa, α = 1.424) for Sample 2, (μ = 0.463 MPa, α = 1.256)
for Sample 3 and (μ = 0.633 MPa, α = 1.001) for Sample 4
respectively. Meanwhile, value of material constants for
Neo-Hookeen were estimated to be (C
1
= 0.00814 MPa), (C
2
=
0.0121 MPa), (C
3
= 0.00597 MPa) and (C
4
= 0.00739 MPa) for
Sample 1, Sample 2, Sample 3 and Sample 4 respectively.
Therefore, this study could be useful in future studies in analysis
of healing especially in dermatology area.
Keywords : Bio pad, Neo-Hookean, Ogden, stress-stretch,
wound healing.
I. INTRODUCTION
Skin is the largest cell of human body with a total area of
about 20 square feet or approximately 15% from human body
weight. Human skin acts as an external protection from
microbes and the harmful elements, help in the regulation of
body temperature and permits the sensations of touch, heat
and cold. Since the earliest centuries of medical science, skin
substitution in a form of wound closure has been found very
useful, for example in the management of acute burn injuries
and post burn reconstruction[1]. Skin substitutes are
heterogeneous group of wound coverage materials that aid in
replacement of the function of skin. There are many
classifications of skin substitutes that has been proposed
based on different composition [2]. Skin can be classified as a
hyper elastic and non-linear materials as it exhibits a time
dependent viscoelastic relaxation and creep back to its initial
position [3]. This is due to the arrangement of fibre and
collagen in human skin. To ease the understanding of bio pad
material, two types of hyper elastic constitutive model have
Revised Manuscript Received on January 05, 2020
* Correspondence Author
Nur Nabila Mohd Nazali*, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering,
Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia.
Farah Nur Aisha Mohammad Nasir, Faculty of Mechanical
Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Shah Alam, Selangor
Malaysia.
Nor Fazli Adull Manan*, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering,
Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia.
been proposed which is Ogden and Neo-Hookean are used to
obtain the stress and strain values of the material. It is also
important to gain the relationship between stress and stretch
instead of stress-strain relationship in normal elastic material.
rectification is not possible.
Currently, a biomaterial that can be defined as a synthetic
material that is used to replace or restore function to a body
tissue and is continuously in contact with body fluids[4]. Due
to an advance technology in medical sector, certain injuries
can be countered by using bio pad wound dressing. It is one of
the potential materials that can be replaced an artificial skin
and have a fast recovery in wound healing stages. Bio pad was
classified as biomaterial because it has been engineered to
interact with biological systems for medical purpose such as
bleeding control, and blood loss minimization.
Apart from that, dimethicone cross polymer is one of the
types of silicone. Basically, the silicone particles itself are
unable to penetrate cell membrane in human body. And in this
study, the polymer that need to be used which is the
dimethicone cross polymer or its scientific name is
polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) created by using the
procedures for rapid prototyping of PDMS micro fluids
systems. Therefore, the dimethicone cross polymer is suitable
for external uses only such as cosmetics ingredients, and body
care purposes. For example, it can be used in the treatment of
head lice on the scalp [5] and dimethicone is widely used in
skin moisturizer for a skin protection. Some cosmetic
formulations use dimethicone cross polymer and related to
siloxane polymers in concentration of use up to 15% because
they are safe as used in cosmetic formulations [6]. It is
believed that this polymer can helps to form a protective
barrier on the skin, fill in the lines and wrinkles, help reduce
inflammation and irritation and form a sort of plastic-like
barrier on the outside of the skin. Therefore, dimethicone
cross polymer is applied on the top layer of bio pad to obtain
the effects or differences it might have on the mechanical
properties of the material. Another material used in this study
is aloe vera gel which reveals the presence of diverse
biologically active compounds associated with curing
different ailments such as wound, inflammations, sunburns
and many more [7]. Aloe vera has the large range of medicinal
properties [8] which is consists of more than 200 different
biological active substances. The combination of aloe vera gel
and dimethicone cross polymer can cover the wound on the
human skin and boost up the healing process and at the same
time to know whether they will influence the mechanical
properties of the materials or vice versa.
Dimethicone Crosspolymer Effect on Bio Pad
Material
Nur Nabila Mohd Nazali, Farah Nur Aisha Mohammad Nasir, Nor Fazli Adull Manan