Volume 3 • Issue 6 • 1000161 J Cytol Histol ISSN: 2157-7099 JCH, an open access journal Research Article Open Access Elgendy and Shoukheba, J Cytol Histol 2012, 3:6 DOI: 10.4172/2157-7099.1000161 Case Report Open Access Histological and Histomorphometric Study of the Effect of Strontium Ranelate on the Healing of One-Wall Intrabony Periodontal Defects in Dogs Enas Ahmed Elgendy 1 * and Malak Yousef Mohamed Shoukheba 2 1 Lecturer of Oral medicine, Periodontology, Oral Diagnosis and Radiology Department, Faculty of Dentistry, October 6 University, Egypt 2 Lecturer of Oral Medicine, Periodontology, Oral Diagnosis and Radiology Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Tanta University, Egypt *Corresponding author: Dr. Enas Ahmed Elgendy, Lecturer of Oral medicine, Periodontology, Oral Diagnosis and Radiology Department, Faculty of Dentistry, October 6 University, Egypt, E-mail: enaselgendy2005@yahoo.co.uk Received November 06, 2012; Accepted December 26, 2012; Published December 28, 2012 Citation: Elgendy EA, Shoukheba MYM (2012) Histological and Histomorphometric Study of the Effect of Strontium Ranelate on the Healing of One-Wall Intrabony Periodontal Defects in Dogs. J Cytol Histol 3: 161. doi:10.4172/2157-7099.1000161 Copyright: © 2012 Elgendy EA, et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Abstract Background: Periodontal regeneration aims at the restitution of supporting periodontal tissues lost due to periodontal diseases. With an aim of improving bone regeneration, strontium ranelate and related compounds were developed and have become increasingly popular in osteoporosis treatment. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of the strontium ranelate 2% gel on the regeneration of the surgically created intrabony defect in dogs. Methods: One-wall intrabony defects (4 × 6 mm) were surgically created in the mesial aspect of second premolars bilaterally (split mouth study) in 10 dogs. Each intrabony defect underwent one of 2 treatment modalities: placebo gel (methyl cellulose gel)/collagen sponge (control site, group I) or strontium ranelate gel/collagen sponge (experimental site, group II). The animals were sacrifced with an overdose of anesthesia at 3 months and block sections of the defects were collected for histological and histometric analysis. Results: Clinical healing progressed uneventfully in general, no visible adverse reactions. Strontium treated group (group II) demonstrated a signifcantly higher regeneration of the attachment apparatus in the form of newly formed bone, cementum and little amount of connective tissue adhesion (3.89 ± 0.09, 3.42 ± 0.75, 0.27 ± 0.02 respectively) than the control group (1.17 ± 0.63, 1.75 ± 0.07, 1.26 ± 0.05 respectively) (P<0.001).There was also signifcant differences between the two treatment modalities in the amount of epithelial down growth where control treated group show signifcant amount of epithelial down growth (P<0.01). Conclusion: It was concluded that, strontium ranelate 2% gel appears to be safe and may support periodontal wound healing/regeneration in intrabony periodontal defects without complications. Keywords: Periodontal regeneration; Intrabony defect; Strontium ranelate Introduction Te ultimate goal of periodontal therapy is not only the removal of the etiologic factors but also the regeneration of destroyed periodontal tissue [1]. Terapeutic approaches involve various modalities to arrest progression of periodontal tissue destruction, as well as regenerative techniques intended to restore structures destroyed during the disease process [2]. Strontium ranelate (SrRan) and related compounds have become increasingly popular in preventing and treating osteoporosis [3]. In vitro studies revealed that SrRan has an anabolic and antiresorptive activity, which increase both the collagen and non-collagen protein synthesis [4,5], enhance pre-osteoblast diferentiation [6,7], inhibit osteoclast diferentiation, and function [8,9]. In normal adult mice, SrRan (200–1800 mg/kg/day, 104 weeks) administration increased vertebral bone formation and decreased bone resorption, which resulted in increased bone mass [10]. Te administration of SrRan in normal rats (225–900 mg/kg/day, i.e., 0.88 to 3.51 mmol Sr/kg/day, 104 weeks) increased trabecular thickness and number and decreased trabecular separation in the tibial metaphysis, indicating that SrRan increased bone formation and decreased bone resorption at the metaphyseal bone level. Tis positive efect of SrRan on bone mass is associated with increased, plasma alkaline phosphatase activity, which is compatible with a bone-forming activity of SrRan [11]. Additionally, SrRan exerts benefcial efects on bone mass and strength as observed by Buehler et al. [12] in normal adult monkeys (Macaca fascicularis) where SrRan (0.39–2.91 mmol Sr/kg/day, 6 months) was found to decrease bone resorption in the alveolar bone, an active site of bone remodeling, as assessed by histomorphometric analysis of osteoclast surface and number. Te purpose of this study was to evaluate the regenerative potential of SrRan on the treatment of one wall-intrabony defect in dogs. Materials and Methods Animal selection A total of 10 adult male mongrel dogs weighing from 20-25 kg were selected from Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University to be used in this study. Te animal had intact dentition with healthy periodontium. Te animals were fed a sof diet throughout the study to reduce the chance of mechanical interference with healing during food intake. Journal of Cytology & Histology J o u r n a l o f C y t o l o g y & H i s t o l o g y ISSN: 2157-7099