Open Access Maced J Med Sci. 2022 Feb 23; 10(C):123-125. 123
Scientifc Foundation SPIROSKI, Skopje, Republic of Macedonia
Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences. 2022 Feb 25; 10(C):123-125.
https://doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2022.8539
eISSN: 1857-9655
Category: C - Case Reports
Section: Case Report in Pediatrics
Congenital Cystic Adenomatoid Malformations Type 1: Case Report
Andi Dwi Bahagia Febriani
1,2
* , Nurul Sylvana Shoraya
1
, Ema Alasiry
1,2
1
Departement of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia;
2
Dr. Wahidin Sudirohusodo
General Hospital, Makassar, Indonesia
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation (CCAM) is a group of multicystic and non-cystic
masses due to abnormal lung development. The incidence ranges from 1: 10,000 to 1: 35,000 pregnancies.
CASE REPORT: We report a case of a 3-day male baby presented with worsening respiratory distress, X-ray and
chest CT were suggestive of CCAM, and sepsis.
CONCLUSION: The current case adds to the collective clinical and radiological knowledge of this rare congenital
lung disorder.
Edited by: Ksenija Bogoeva-Kostovska
Citation: Febriani ADB, Shoraya NS, Alasiry E. Congenital
Cystic Adenomatoid Malformations Type 1: Case Report.
Open Access Maced J Med Sci. 2022 Feb 25; 10(C):123-125.
https://doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2022.8539
Keywords: Congenital cystic adenomatoid malformations;
Respiratory distress; Lung malformation
*Correspondence: Andi Dwi Bahagia Febriani,
Departement of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine,
Hasanuddin University, Dr. Wahidin Sudirohusodo Hospital,
Perintis Kemerdekaan Km. 10, Tamalanrea, Makassar,
Indonesia. E-mail: bahagiadwi@med.unhas.ac.id
Received: 05-Jan-2022
Revised: 10-Feb-2022
Accepted: 15-Feb-2022
Copyright: © 2022 Andi Dwi Bahagia Febriani,
Nurul Sylvana Shoraya, Ema Alasiry
Funding: This research did not receive any fnancial support
Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no
competing interests exist
Open Access: This is an open-access article distributed
under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-
NonCommercial 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC 4.0)
Introduction
Congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation
(CCAM) is a congenital abnormality of lung development
caused by an overgrowth of abnormal lung tissue
that forms cysts, afecting ≥1 lung lobes [1]. CCAM
originates from embryological abnormalities of terminal
bronchus that occur before 35 weeks of gestation.
Nearly 25% of CCAM cases are accompanied by
other congenital abnormalities [2]. About 7% of cases
show symptoms of severe respiratory distress and
96% can be born alive [3] Patients with small lesions
are usually asymptomatic until they reach middle age
when episodes of recurrent airway infections or chest
pain occur [4]. CCAM can be diagnosed antenatally
by ultrasonography and postnatally by chest CT-scan
or MRI [2].
Case Report
A 3-day male baby presented with dyspnea
was admitted to the NICU. The baby was delivered
by Caesarean section at full term, spontaneously
breath, amniotic fuid was clear and odorless. The
APGAR scores were 7 and 9 at one and fve minutes.
The mother’s prenatal history was unremarkable, but
prenatal ultrasound showed the presence of fuid in the
fetal lung. The baby showed respiratory distress with
decreased breath sound at the right hemithorax. Based
on clinical features and laboratory investigations, he
was diagnosed with unproven sepsis with increased
level of procalcitonin and CRP [5]. The chest X-ray
showed a thick-walled multicavity at the left lung
and the heart appeared to be pushed to the right
(Figure 1). The chest CT showed multiseptate cysts,
thin-walled, with the largest size of 3.0 × 4.4 × 3.8 cm
almost over the left lung lobes (Figure 2). The baby
was on bubble n-CPAP, intravenous fuids, ampicillin,
and gentamicin. On the 5
th
day, the antibiotics were
replaced with ceftazidime and amikacin because
of no clinical improvement. On the 13
th
day, the
respiratory distress worsened, he was intubated and
put on a ventilator, and antibiotics were replaced with
meropenem. On the 19
th
day, he fell in shock. Blood
gas analysis revealed a respiratory acidosis. Fluid
resuscitation and inotropic medication did not improve
the condition, patient passed away on the 20
th
day of
treatment.