CULTIVAR
288
JOURNAL OF PLANT REGISTRATIONS
Registration of ‘FL24D’, a Red Clover Selected for Tolerance
to 2,4-D Herbicide
Kenneth Quesenberry,* Ann Blount, Patricio Munoz, Jason Ferrell, and Jose Dubeux
Copyright © 2015 Crop Science Society of America. All rights reserved. No
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Journal of Plant Registrations 9:288–293 (2015).
doi:10.3198/jpr2014.11.0081crc
Received 25 Nov. 2014. Accepted 29 Mar. 2015.
Registration by CSSA.
5585 Guilford Rd., Madison, WI 53711 USA
*Corresponding author (clover@ul.edu)
Abstract
‘FL24D’ (Reg. No. CV-33 PI 673130) red clover (Trifolium
pratense L.) is a synthetic cultivar selected for tolerance to
the herbicide 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), and
it is the most nondormant red clover cultivar available in
today’s market. Red clover can experience signiicant broad-
leaf weed competition, especially during the establishment
phase of a sward. Most such weeds can be controlled in
grass-based forage systems with inexpensive herbicides
such as 2,4-D since most grass species are naturally tolerant.
However, 2,4-D is not a herbicide option in red clover that is
sensitive to this herbicide. Beginning with a broad-based red
clover germplasm, six cycles of selection for tolerance to 2,4-
D were conducted, leading to the development of FL24D. In
a greenhouse experiment comparing response of FL24D to
‘Southern Belle’ (a 2,4-D-sensitive cultivar) at a 1.06 kg ha
−1
rate, FL24D rated 7.0 whereas Southern Belle rated 1.2 (where
9 = no damage and 1 = dead plant). A lowering experiment
revealed that FL24D was 25 d earlier to 50% lowering
than Southern Belle and 20 d earlier to 95% lowering than
Southern Belle. Results from several cultivar evaluation
experiments show that under sward conditions, application
of 2,4-D herbicide at the recommended rate did not decrease
yields of FL24D but did afect yields of cultivars that do not
have tolerance to 2,4-D.
K. Quesenberry, P. Munoz, and J. Ferrell, Agronomy Dep., Univ. of
Florida, P.O. Box 110500, Gainesville, FL 32611; A. Blount and J. Dubeux,
North Florida Research and Education Center, Univ. of Florida, 3925
Hwy. 71, Marianna, FL 32446.
‘F
L24D’ (Reg. No. CV-33, PI 673130) red clover ( Trifo-
lium pratense L.) was selected for tolerance to the her-
bicide 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D). his
cultivar was developed and released by the Agronomy Depart-
ment unit of the Florida Agricultural Experiment Station and
was released in 2014. FL24D is particularly distinctive among
red clover cultivars in that it has the combination of a high level
of tolerance to 2,4-D and being highly nondormant.
Red clover is an important forage legume on a worldwide
basis, second only to alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.). Various
research reports from Florida and other southeastern US states
dating back to the 1950s and 1960s showed that red clover had
excellent cool-season yield in late winter and spring, but it was
much later in spring growth and distribution of dry matter yield
than crimson clover ( T. incarnatum L.). Most of this research
used winter dormant cultivars developed from mid- and upper-
transitional zone states such as Kentucky and Indiana.
Winter dormancy in red clover is suggested to be a response to
decreasing daylength in fall and also afected by decreasing soil
temperatures. Conversely, release from dormancy and initiation
of spring growth is suggested to be a response to lengthening
days and increases in soil temperatures in spring (Kendall and
Stringer, 1985). Marked variability in this photoperiod response
has been observed among red clover cultivars and is believed to
be quantitatively inherited (Quesenberry and Blount, 2012).
he University of Florida forage breeding program has released
less-dormant cultivars (‘Cherokee’ [Quesenberry et al., 1993]
and ‘Southern Belle’ [Quesenberry et al., 2005]), with earlier
initiation of spring growth, and an intermediate-early cultivar
‘Barduro’ (Quesenberry and Blount, 2012). However, even
Southern Belle is markedly later in production than crimson
clover, and it has been suggested that an even earlier producing
red clover would be desirable. To date, dormancy has not been
associated with other speci ic agronomic attributes of red
clover. Cool-season forage species grown in the southeastern
United States are typically reestablished on an annual basis,
Abbreviations: 2,4-D, 2,4 dichlorophenoxyacetic acid.
Published May 8, 2015