Developing World Bioeth. 2019;00:1–3. wileyonlinelibrary.com/journal/dewb
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1 © 2019 John Wiley & Sons Ltd
Received: 18 July 2019
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Accepted: 26 July 2019
DOI: 10.1111/dewb.12242
LETTER TO THE EDITOR
Contextualizing the role of religion in the global bioethics
discourse: A response to the new publication policy of
Developing World Bioethics
At the end of 2018, Developing World Bioethics announced a new edi-
torial policy setting parameters for the religious bioethics‐related arti-
cles the journal would consider in scope
1
. In restricting this genre from
publication, one of the journal’s chief editors argues that 1) public rea-
son is the accepted grounding for bioethics discourse, and that 2) reli-
gion‐based arguments “do not fall into the category of public‐reason
based arguments”, and thus that the writings of religious bioethicists
make limited contributions to the field of academic bioethics.
Appealing to the “business case” in addition to the intellectual argu-
ment, the editorial states that scriptural reasoning exercises and de-
bates over varied hermeneutics “remove themselves from the
dialogues that continue in our field [academic bioethics]” because they
are relevant only to religious adherents or to “people who might be
interested in knowing how religious scholars who believe in the dicta
of a particular religion would argue about these issues.”
We commend the journal for being transparent about their policy,
drawing attention to a “field problem” at the interface of religion and bio-
ethics, and for inviting commentary on the issue. We agree with the chief
editor that scholars of religion must critically analyze scripture‐based
truth claims when engaging in public policy‐related bioethics discourses,
and that their writings, as long as they are placed within secular academic
journals, must be relevant to audiences beyond the confines of a partic-
ular religious community. At the same time we find the proposed policy
to be unnecessarily restrictive, the offered arguments to be somewhat
misplaced, and implications of the policy to be generally concerning. In
this brief rejoinder we would like to highlight each of these disquiets.
1 | RESTRICTION: ARE SCHOLARS WITHIN
NON‐LIBERAL, NON‐DEMOCRATIC,
SOCIETIES WRITING ON HEALTHCARE,
MEDICAL LAW AND HEALTH POLICY, NOT
DOING BIOETHICS WORK?
Public reason certainly serves civic dialogue and policy deliberation in
liberal democracies.
2
Yet many societies are not secular, liberal, or even
democratic, thus public reason should not be thought of as having uni-
versal/global significance. For example, bioethicists operating within
overtly religious societies such as the Vatican, Saudi Arabia, and Iran,
must make ethics and policy arguments based on religious reasoning
and rationale. In other more diverse societies such as Pakistan, Malaysia,
and within some legislatures in the United States, bioethical arguments
are more likely to succeed when religiously‐laden vocabulary is used
3
.
Moreover, even within supposedly “secular” liberal democracies, in e.g.
continental Europe, public reason is only one of several ways to deliber -
ate bioethical problems, as much of what takes place in universities and
professional meetings would be considered as part of the “background
culture” according to Rawls, allowing for religiously grounded, as well as
philosophical theory driven, argumentation
4
.
Consequently, it appears that the journal policy may unnecessar -
ily reduce submissions from scholars working on applied bioethics
topics in a variety of contexts where religion may hold sway in overt
and subtle ways. In our view understanding whether, and how, reli-
gious values are mobilized within bioethics discourses across the
globe is valuable for many reasons including that such work provides
insight into the motive force religion and religious authorities have
over communities and policy‐makers, and it furthers the search for
homeomorphic equivalents within the moral constructs of religious
and secular frameworks and by doing so furthers the search for com-
mon ethical grounds
5
. Consequently, the journal’s policy may dis-
suade scholars who can offer such insights from submitting their
research to the journal to the detriment of its readership.
Furthermore, we see journals as an important venue for engagement
between diverse scholars and ideas. As such, it appears excessive to
marginalizing scholars who see religion as important to their work as
bioethicists, either because of their context or their intellectual
background, by limiting their participation in the dialogue journals
foster (by virtue of original articles, commentaries on these articles,
and the lines of discussion between papers).
1
Schuklenk, U. (2018). “On the Role of Religion in Articles This Journal Seeks to Publish.”
Developing World Bioethics 18 (3): 207–207. https://doi.org/10.1111/dewb.12210.
2
We agree with a previous response to the Journal’s new policy that public‐reason, as
used in the editorial, would benefit from further clarification (Wiersma, M., Ghinea, N.,
Lipworth, W. (2019). “Limiting Religious Contributions ‐ a Response to Schuklenk.”
Developing World Bioethics, no. November 2018: 1–2). https://doi.org/10.1111/
dewb.12219).
3
Padela, A.I., Aparicio, M.K. (2019). “Genethics and Human Reproduction: Religious
Perspectives in the Academic Bioethics Literature.” The New Bioethics : A Multidisciplinary
Journal of Biotechnology and the Body 25 (2): 153–71. https://doi.org/10.1080/20502
877.2019.1606154.
4
Quong, J. (2018). “Public Reason.” In E.N. Zalta (Ed.): The Stanford Encyclopedia of
Philosophy (Spring 2018 Edition).
5
Panikkar, R., Panikkar, R. (1982). “Is the Notion of Human Rights a Western Concept?”
Diogenes 30 (120): 75–102.