1 Saka Satraps, Vikramaditya tradition and their eras Bipin Shah 08/25/2022 Abstract This paper discusses the history of the original Vikram and saka era, their termination, and later resurrection at the beginning of the common era that has distorted the early chronology of India affecting various historical events of Indian history that were indexed to old eras. This includes the discussion on western satraps and their origin at Romaka Desh. This paper aspires to add additional clarity as to how to correct these chronological anomalies while reviewing various references related to Vikramaditya traditions and his connection with the era. The Saka invasion resulted in the establishment of their kingdom in western India and their eras. Although their rule was tyrannical, his Luni-Solar calendar was extensively used in Indian epigraphies in south and southeast Asia which attests to its popularity that is also explained in detail. We need to briefly cover who were these Saka nomads and how their civilization contacts contributed to world history and Indian history in particular. This paper also uses another method to prove the proximate date of Mahvira Nirvana on which this author has spent considerable time researching and investigating various claims. I hope this research adds to mounting evidence that Indian chronology and Mahvira and Buddha’s dates as taught in schools are incorrect. During wars and conflicts, the Indo-Aryan displayed similarities to Saka warriors further connecting the dot because the Yudhistira era was called the Yudhistira Saka era. They all practiced the “Asvamedha” ceremony, drank Soma, and gambled. They were also tribal oligarchs and got involved in petty quarrels. However, Indo- Aryans were influenced by Brahminical thinking of religious ethics that Saka lacked during their nomadic existence. Saka (Scythic) Nomads of Central Asian Steppe from early history The Greek historian Herodotus, the father of ancient history, had a lot to say about the Scythic nomads, who were referred to as “Saka” by Indians, “Sai” by the Chinese, and “Sacai” by the Persians. The primary reason for these varied designations is based on linguistic designations given to them by their observers. These nomads were horse- mounted mobile warriors spread out across the central Asian steppe from the Volga region to the Caspian Sea. Avestan and Vedic texts describe them as having identical traits, dresses, and food habits. Caraka Samhita inform us that Saka ate meat, and wheat and drank intoxicated “Madhuvika” (Soma). While the Behistan inscription of Darius-1 referred to them as one of many saka groups of satrapies under their sovereignty and those near ancient India were called Saka