1 An Actionable Annotation Scoring Framework for Gas Chromatography - High Resolution Mass Spectrometry (GC-HRMS) Jeremy P. Koelmel 1 , Hongyu Xie 2 , Elliott J. Price 3 , Elizabeth Z. Lin 1 , Katherine E. Manz 4 , Paul Stelben 1 , Matthew Paige 1 , Stefano Papazian 2 , Joseph Okeme 1 , Dean P. Jones 5 , Dinesh Barupal 6 , John Bowden 11,12 , Pawel Rostkowski 7 , Kurt D. Pennell 4 , Vladimir Nikiforov 8 , Thanh Wang 9 , Xin Hu 5 , Yunjia Lai 10 , Gary W. Miller 10 , Douglas I. Walker 6* , Jonathan W. Martin 2 , Krystal J. Godri Pollitt 1* 1 Department of Environmental Health Science, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, 06520, United States 2 Department of Environmental Science, Science for Life Laboratory, Stockholm University, Stockholm 10691, Sweden 3 RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlarska 2, Brno, Czech Republic 4 School of Engineering, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, United States 5 Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta 30322, United States 6 Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, United States 7 NILU- Norwegian Institute for Air Research, 2007 Kjeller, Norway 8 NILU- Norwegian Institute for Air Research, Framsenteret, 9007 Tromsø, Norway 9 MTM Research Centre, Örebro University, SE-701 82, Örebro, Sweden 10 Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, United States 11 Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology & Department of Physiological Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32603, United States 12 Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32603 United States *Corresponding author Krystal J. Godri Pollitt - krystal.pollitt@yale.edu Douglas I. Walker - douglas.walker@mssm.edu