Vol.:(0123456789)
Polymer Bulletin
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00289-020-03116-4
1 3
ORIGINAL PAPER
Study on the efect of Kankara zeolite‑Y‑based catalyst
on the chemical properties of liquid fuel from mixed waste
plastics (MWPs) pyrolysis
Wilson Uzochukwu Eze
1
· Innocent Chimezie Madufor
2
·
Godwin Nkemjika Onyeagoro
2
· Henry Chinedu Obasi
2
·
Michael Ifeanyichukwu Ugbaja
1
Received: 11 October 2019 / Revised: 18 January 2020 / Accepted: 22 January 2020
© Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract
We report in this study the efect of Kankara zeolite-Y-based catalyst on the chemi-
cal properties of liquid fuel from mixed waste plastics pyrolysis using a batch reac-
tor. Fourteen set of 200 g of waste plastics comprising 27 wt%HDPE, 33 wt%LDPE,
13 wt%PP, 18 wt%PS, 9 wt%PET were de-polymerized with catalyst and a set
without catalyst. The catalyst used comprises of a mixture of zeolite-Y, metakao-
lin, aluminum hydroxide and sodium silicate all synthesized from Kankara kaolin
from Kankara in Katsina state, Nigeria. Fourteen diferent catalyst combinations
derived from design of experiment using Design expert 11.0 were used to produce
fourteen diferent liquid fuel samples, and the liquid sample with the highest yield
was determined. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy was used to detect vari-
ous characteristic functional groups present in the samples. Furthermore, the various
compounds in the uncatalyzed (thermal pyrolysis) and catalyzed samples with high-
est yield were determined using GC/MS. The results show that the highest yield of
liquid fuel from the fourteen catalyst combination was 46.7 wt% while the thermal
pyrolysis gave a yield of 66.9 wt%. The GC/MS result shows carbon in the range of
C
6
–C
13
and absence of long straight chain parafns in the catalyzed fuel samples
while the uncatalyzed sample has carbon in the range of C
7
–C
20
. Consequently, the
thermal pyrolysis sample consists of 59%, 36% and 5% of gasoline, diesel and fuel
oil, respectively, while the catalyzed sample consists of 93% gasoline and 7% diesel
fraction.
Keywords Pyrolysis · Mixed waste plastics · Kankara zeolite-Y · Catalyst · Liquid
fuel
* Wilson Uzochukwu Eze
wilstyrene@yahoo.ca
Extended author information available on the last page of the article