International Research Journal of Public and Environmental Health Vol.7 (2),pp. 21-29, March-April 2020
Available online at https://www.journalissues.org/IRJPEH/
https://doi.org/10.15739/irjpeh.20.004
Copyright © 2020 Author(s) retain the copyright of this article ISSN 2360-8803
Original Research Article
Trends of interpersonal physical violence and predictors
for injury severity, among adult populations in Qena
Egypt: An incidence case study
Received 13 December, 2019 Revised 18 February, 2020 Accepted 27 February, 2020 Published 21 March, 2020
Sameh S. Zaytoun
1
,
Raouf M. Afifi
2
*,
Ashraf E. Saad,
3
Majed Al Harthi,
4
and
Faris S. Almalki
5
1
Community Medicine and Public
Health Department, South Valley
University, Qena, Egypt
2
Community Health Research
Dept., International Management-
Health Services, Indianapolis, USA
3
Department of Statistics and
Information, Ministry of Health,
Khartoum, Sudan
4
Academic Affairs, King Abdulaziz
Specialist Hospital, Taif, Kingdom
of Saudi Arabia
5
Medical Department, King Faisal
Hospital, Taif, Kingdom of Saudi
Arabia.
The Study focuses on the incidence, severity and correlates of interpersonal
physical violence (IPV) injuries among adult in Qena residents, Upper Egypt.
Incident cases of IPV victimization attending emergency service of Qena
University Hospital (QUH), between July 2016-December 2018, were
examined. Among 523 IPV cases studied, those 18-29 years old accounted
273 (52.2%); male 483(92.3%), single 351(67.1%); and 215(41.1%) were
employed. Only 34/374(9.1%) had mental illness and 70/385(18.2%) used
substance. Most [267(51.0%)] injuries were induced by hand, stick
[138(26.4%)] or knife [72(13.7%), p<0.001]. Assaults were triggered either
over financial matters [80(15.3%)], revenge [62(11.9%)], in a street
fight/motor vehicle accidents [59(11.3%)], at the workplace [50(9.6%)] or
under alcohol intoxication [45(8.6%)]. Subjects <29 sustained severer
injuries than older peers [126/273(46.2%), p<0.001]. Revenge victimization
also associated severer injury more frequently [33/62(53.2%), p=0.12].
Psychiatrically-ill subjects sustained severe injuries more frequently than
milder injuries [19/34(55.9%), p = 0.025]. Knife-induced injuries were also
severer than other injury methods [43/72(60.0%), p<0.001]. Physical
assault may still stand as an important behavioral phenomenon in Qena,
which needs investment in prevention.
Key words: Physical violence, interpersonal, predictors, Qena, Egypt
*Corresponding Author
Email: raoufafifi@hotmail.com
INTRODUCTION
Physical violence involves offensive act or an instance with
an actual touching or other assaults upon another. With a
hostile assault, there might be an intention to inflect an
unlawful threat or do bodily injury to another (WHO, 2002).
Violent assaults take place in a myriad of population
settings, e.g., street, workplace, educational premises, sport
yards, domestically, and elsewhere. For decades, reports
were showing escalating violence statistics, e.g., each year
violent assault results in over 1.6 million deaths, over 90%
of which occur in low- and middle-income countries (WHO,
2002). In USA, approximately 12 out of every 1000 people
are subject to criminal assault, accounting around 17,250
fatal assaults in 2016.(BJS, 2011; FBI, 2016).
In 2012, there were 116,105 recorded violence victims in
five major Australian districts, (ABS, 2013) equating to a
victimization rate of 969/ 100,000 populations. This
reflects a trend whereas physical assault stands as the
foremost type of violent crime (homicide, physical assault,
sexual assault and robbery).(ABS, 2014).
Physical assault occurs when “an individual or a group