International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 09 Issue: 07 | July 2022 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072
© 2022, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.529 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 979
Web Crippling Capacity of Cold Formed Steel Channel Sections With
and Without Openings
Amalu Grace Lal
1
, Neethu Joseph
2
1
Student, Dept. of Civil Engineering, St.Joseph’s College of Engineering& Technology, Kerala, India
2
Asisstant Professor, Dept. of Civil Engineering, St.Joseph’s College of Engineering& Technology, Kerala, India
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Abstract - Steel is an important construction material since
ancient days. Among steel, Cold Formed Steel (CFS) are getting
more popular due to its advantages including light weight,
high strength to weight ratio, resistance to fire etc. These are
the sections which are shaped near room temperature. CFS
channel sections are commonly used nowadays as bearing and
non- load bearing walls, partition walls, in multi-rise
buildings, framings. In this channel sections the holes are
provided in the web portion for plumbing services and
installation of ducts. However such opening made the section
more vulnerable to failures including web crippling and web
buckling. In this paper various parameters which affect the
web crippling capacity of the channel sections are analyzed
and the analysis is also done to find the optimum location of
web holes in the channel sections.
Key Words: Cold Formed Steel Sections, Web Crippling, Web
Buckling
1. INTRODUCTION
Advanced structures are quite common in nowadays due to
growth in construction industry, Due to this advancement
many industries are looking forward to develop and use
sustainable building materials. Steel is an important
construction material using nowadays due to its
innumerable advantages which make it as a perfect option
for modern building construction. There are mainly 2 types
of steel used for the construction purposes. 1) Hot Rolled
Steel Sections 2) Cold Formed Steel Sections. As the name
indicates, CFS sections are the sections which are rolled,
bended, pressed or shaped at near room temperature. We do
not need to provide extra heat for shaping them as it is
required in hot rolled steel sections. In hot rolling process
steel is rolled by providing high temperature which is more
than 1700 Fahrenheit. But such hot rolled steel have a
tendency to shrink when cool off, thus giving less control on
size and shape. Advantages of CFS sections over Hot Rolled
Steel Sections includes CFS does not shrink, no heat is
required to form shape, light weight, non- combustible,
won’t absorb moisture, resist fire and termites and high
strength to weight ratio. Nowadays openings are provided in
the web portion of channel section for ease of installation of
electrical or plumbing devices. Such holes result in the
sections becoming more vulnerable to failures especially
under concentrated loads applied near the web holes. Two
common type of failures in CFS sections include 1) Crippling
Fig -1: CFS in Construction Industries
1.1 Aim
To perform the analysis on web crippling capacity of cold
formed channel sections with and without opening
1.2 Objective
To understand effect of bearing length, inside bent radius,
web depth and flange width on web crippling capacity of
channel sections.
To study effect of web opening and web opening locations in
the web crippling and buckling capacity of the channel
sections
1.3 Methodology
1) Modeling and analysis of channel sections with and
without hole in ANSYS Workbench by varying parameters
Failure 2) Buckling Failure. Web crippling failure occurred in
CFS members at the web flange junction. This failure is
mainly seen in the web elements due to the concentrated
loads which are delivered through flange of the channel
sections. The main reason for this failure is due to the
application of static and dynamic loads transversally which
causes direct crushing of web. Buckling is another failure
mode in CFS sections due to its thin walled cross section
causing loss of stability. This failure occurs when the critical
buckling stress in web is less than the compressive stress
acting vertically. It occurs before yielding.