Mundos do Trabalho, Florianópolis | v. 14 | p. 1-22 | 2022 e-ISSN: 1984-9222 | DOI: https://doi.org/10.5007/1984-9222.2022.e86968 1 The Limits of Atlantic Revolution: Indigenous Power, Spectres of Saint-Domingue, and the Maracaibo Conspiracy of 1799 Forrest Hylton ∗ Miguel Durango ∗∗ Abstract: In the Maracaibo of 1799, Spanish authorities claimed to have uncovered a revolutionary plot to overthrow the Spanish monarchy and install a republic modeled on Saint- Domingue. In existing historical accounts, Spanish ofcials, free colored (pardo) militiamen in Maracaibo, and an Atlantic crew of sailors coming from Port-au-Prince play the leading roles. Although Spanish ofcials also claimed Guajiro Indians were coordinating and cooperating, they appear as peripheral actors. As Guajiros and their allies were more numerous and powerful than any non-Indian group in the area, and controlled the territory and waterways on which part of the trade with New Granada depended, we signal the centrality of indigenous patterns of trade, warfare, politics, and diplomacy to explain events in this corner of the revolutionary Atlantic. Thus, and in order to specify the limits of the Atlantic revolution, we argue for the need to study micro-histories of particular Guajiro leaders and their kinship-territorial networks, as well as Spanish ofcials and captains and crews of particular ships from European colonies. Keywords: Haitian Revolution; Atlantic world; Indigenous sovereignty; Colonial Venezuela/ New Granada; Pardo militias. ∗ PhD in History from New York University. Associate Professor in Political Science at the Universidad Nacional de Colombia-Sede Medellín. Visiting Professor at Universidade Federal da Bahia (UFBA). E-mail: forresthylton@ gmail.com. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9826-022X. ∗∗ M. A. in History from the Universidad de los Andes (Bogotá). PhD candidate in History at University of Pennsylvania. E-mail: emdl@sas.upenn.edu. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1717-5002.