Nuclear Physics B (Prec. Suppl.) 4 (1988) 639-643 639
North-Holland, Amsterdam
SCATTERING THEORY FOR EUCLIDEAN LATTICE FIELDS
JoSo C. A. Barata "and Klaus Fredenhagen t
II. Institut flir Theoretische Physik, Universit~t Hamburg
Luruper Chausse 149, D-2000 Hamburg S0, FRG.
A Haag-Ruelle scattering theory for Euclidean lattice fields is developped.
The main motivation for the investigation of Eu-
clidean Lattice Field Theories (ELFT) is the aim to un-
derstand particle physics. It is, however, not obvious
at all that ELFT directly describe particles. Usually for
the relation to particle physics the continuum limit is
used. Continuum Euclidean field theories lead (under
rather general circumstances) to quantum field theories
on Minkowski space which (again under quite general
conditions) describe the behavior of particles. The per-
tinent quantities in the continuum limit are then ap-
proximated on the lattice. This procedure is of course
not unique.
A direct particle interpretation of ELFT would be
highly desirable. It would lead to an unambiguous def-
inition of physical quantities like cross sections. It also
would justify the interpretation of ELFT with a triv-
ial continuum limit as effective theories for particles.
In any case ELFT would become a respectable theory
which shares some structural properties with continuum
quantum field theory and which is better accessible by
analytical and numerical methods.
Let us briefly review the status of the particle in-
terpretation of continuum quantum field theory. The
basic structural properties which are exploited are local
commutativity of space like separated observables as an
implementation of Einstein causality, and the spectrum
condition. A rather satisfactory analysis can be made
in theories without massless particles. In theories with
*Supported by DAAD.
Heisenberg fellow.
physical massless particles problems with infraparticles
occur which are presently not under full control 1
In purely massive theories one first has to find the
single particle states. If they belong to the vacuum sec-
tor, i.e. if the particles carry no charge, there exist so-
called almost local operators which create the particle
states from the vacuum. Using them one constructs the
outgoing and incoming multiparticle states via methods
of the Haag-Ruelle scattering theory 2. If the single par-
ticle state is not in the vacuum sector, i.e. if the particle
is charged, one first has to apply the theory of super-
selection sectors (see 3 for a review) to construct the
group of global gauge transformations and the charged
fields. Then one can again apply the methods of the
Haag-Ruelle scattering theory for the construction of all
scattering states.
There are also some unsolved problems. Besides the
already mentioned problem of infraparticles the main
open problem is the asymptotic completeness, i.e. the
question whether each state is an incoming and an out-
going scattering state. (For recent progress in this prob-
lem see 1, 4).
The main obstruction for performing a correspond-
ing analysis in ELFT is the absence of local commu-
tativity for spacelike separations in the corresponding
real time quantum theory. Consider e.g. the theory
of a scalar Euclidean field ~(¢), x = (x°,x_) E ~d+l,
d :> 1. Let (.) be a translation invariant and reflection
positive state. Then, using the transfer matrix formal-
ism, one finds a Hilbert space ~, a vector ~ E ?t,
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